A review on lightweight cryptography for Internet-of-Things based applications
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
A review on lightweight cryptography for Internet‑of‑Things based applications Vidya Rao1 · K. V. Prema1 Received: 25 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The Internet-of-Things (IoT) is a combination of an intelligent infrastructure combined with various self-organizing devices. These devices are used to monitor the environment and help to exchange sensitive data over the Internet without much human interference. Such a huge network of unmanned devices are subjected to various security and privacy concern. As these devices are battery powered and have low inbuilt resources, it is important to enable secure and resource-constrained security solutions to secure the devices. Thereby, to address the security and privacy of these devices and the data, the authentication plays an important role along with data integrity. Through this paper, we have analyzed the various lightweight solution and their security threats under the authentication and data integrity of the IoT applications. From the study, it can be seen that the major security concern of these protocols is to perform with less computation and resist to attacks like man-in-themiddle, replay attacks, denial of service attacks, forgery and chosen-ciphertext attacks. Also, this review provides an insight into using the Microsoft threat modeling tool used for IoT based applications. Keywords Authentication · Data integrity · Lightweight cryptography · Internet-of-Things · Security analysis · Threat modeling
1 Introduction Internet-of-Things (IoT) is a paradigm that connects various physical devices to the Internet using different wireless technologies. In the past few decades IoT (smart environment) has taken a large share in the development of technology (Jing et al. 2014; Da Xu et al. 2014). Foremost, imagine a day when you are returning home after a busy schedule and you enter your house to see that your coffee is ready before even you sit on your couch or imagine your mobile automatically provides you the information about empty parking place in a shopping mall and navigates you towards it or your plants know when they need water and so on. Such an interactive environment can be developed with the help of IoT. These IoT devices are termed as ‘objects’ that include a TV * Vidya Rao [email protected] K. V. Prema [email protected] 1
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
remote to water pump system or from a car key to driver-less cars and much more. The objects are embedded with various types of sensors that can sense the environment, process the data and communicate the data to various destinations using the Internet. An attempt to transform machine-to-machine communication to Internet-of-Things (IoT) has brought the greatest revolution in the current human era. The vision of IoT is to create a heterogeneous network of millions of connected obj
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