Adiponectin, HOMA-Adiponectin, HOMA-IR in Children and Adolescents: Ouro Preto Study
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Adiponectin, HOMA-Adiponectin, HOMA-IR in Children and Adolescents: Ouro Preto Study A. P. C. Cândido 1 & B. Geloneze 2 & A. Calixto 2 & A. C. J. Vasques 2 & R. N. Freitas 3 & S. N. Freitas 3 & G. L. L. Machado-Coelho 4 Received: 13 March 2020 / Accepted: 30 June 2020 # Dr. K C Chaudhuri Foundation 2020
Abstract Objectives To examine the association and predictive capacity of adiponectin levels, HOMA-AD and HOMA-IR indexes with metabolic risk markers in children and adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 691 children and adolescents (7–14 y), of both sexes. Demographic (sex, age), anthropometric (weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat), biochemical [total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, fasting glycemia, insulin and adiponectin] and clinical parameters (arterial blood pressure) were analyzed. Results In multiple linear regression models, metabolic risk were analyzed in relation to adiponectin levels, HOMA-AD and HOMA-IR. ROC curve analysis was used to define the cut-off for metabolic syndrome for each method studied. Adiponectin level was inversely correlated with weight (r = −0.12; p = 0.01), waist circumference (WC) (r = −0.12; p = 0.01), and triglycerides (r = −0.11; p = 0.02); it was directly correlated with HDL (r = 0.10; p = 0.03) only in the adolescents. In the final linear regression model, after adjustment, only triglycerides (p = 0.03) and HDL (p = 0.04) remained significant. However, HOMA-AD and HOMA-IR were associated with metabolic risk and were the most suitable methods for metabolic syndrome screening in both age groups. For children, independent variables explained 16.0% and 14.5% of HOMA-AD and HOMA-IR, respectively. For adolescents, R2 was higher in HOMA-AD and HOMA-IR models (R2adjusted = 31.9% and R2adjusted = 29.6%, respectively). Conclusions HOMA-AD and HOMA-IR are better explained by metabolic markers than adiponectin levels. Keywords Adiponectin . Adolescents . Children . HOMA-AD . HOMA-IR
Introduction
* A. P. C. Cândido [email protected] 1
Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - Campus Universitário, Bairro São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG CEP: 36036-900, Brazil
2
Laboratory of Investigation on Metabolism and Diabetes (LIMED), Gastrocentro, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
3
Department of Social and Clinical Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
4
Laboratory of Epidemiology, Medical School, Federal University de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) in childhood and adolescence are commonly encountered conditions that contribute to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular events [1]. All features of metabolic syndrome are risk factor parameters for coronary heart disease and are associated with adipocytokines such as adiponectin [2–4]. Adiponectin values are decreased in subjects with IR and type 2 diabetes and increased with weight loss and the use of i
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