Age-related Brain Metabolic Changes up to Seventh Decade in Healthy Humans
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Age-related Brain Metabolic Changes up to Seventh Decade in Healthy Humans Whole-brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging Study Helen Maghsudi1 Xiao-Qi Ding1
· Martin Schütze1 · Andrew A. Maudsley2 · Mete Dadak1 · Heinrich Lanfermann1 ·
Received: 23 April 2019 / Accepted: 3 July 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Purpose To study brain metabolic changes under normal aging and to collect reference data for the study of neurodegenerative diseases. Methods A total of 55 healthy subjects aged 20–70 years (n ≥ 5 per age decade for each gender) underwent whole-brain magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging at 3T after completing a DemTect test and the Beck depressions inventory II to exclude cognitive impairment and mental disorder. Regional concentrations of N–acetylaspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho), total creatine (tCr), glutamine and glutamate (Glx), and myo-inositol (mI) were determined in 12 brain regions of interest (ROIs). The two-sided t-test was used to estimate gender differences and linear regression analysis was carried out to estimate age dependence of brain regional metabolite contents. Results Brain regional metabolite concentrations changed with age in the majority of selected brain regions. The NAA decreased in 8 ROIs with a rate varying from –4.9% to –1.9% per decade, reflecting a general reduction of brain neuronal function or volume and density in older age; Cho increased in 4 ROIs with a rate varying from 4.3% to 6.1%; tCr and mI increased in one ROI (4.2% and 8.2% per decade, respectively), whereas Glx decreased in one ROI (–5.1% per decade), indicating an inhomogeneous increase of cell membrane turnover (Cho) with altered energy metabolism (tCr) and glutamatergic neuronal activity (Glx) as well as function of glia cell (mI) in normal aging brain. Conclusion Healthy aging up to the seventh decade of life is associated with regional dependent alterations of brain metabolism. These results provide a reference database for future studies of patients.
Keywords Healthy aging · Human brain metabolites · Whole-brain MR spectroscopic imaging
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00062-019-00814-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Helen Maghsudi
[email protected] Xiao-Qi Ding [email protected] 1
Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
2
Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
Knowledge of brain metabolic changes under normal aging is a prerequisite for identification of pathological metabolic alterations caused by neurodegenerative processes. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) detectable brain metabolites, e.g. N-acetylaspartate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho), creatine and phosphocreatine (tCr), glutamate an
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