Algorithmic Correction of Magnetometer Device Errors
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ALGORITHMIC CORRECTION OF MAGNETOMETER DEVICE ERRORS Yu. G. Astrakhantsev and N. A. Beloglazova
UDC 550.380
The problems of using gradient measurements in magnetic exploration are considered. In many cases, to solve various geological problems, information on the intensity of the geomagnetic field and its gradients, as measured by special equipment, is important. The results of the development and construction of a three-component fluxgate magnetometer-gradiometer intended for measuring on the earth’s surface the absolute values of the three components of the geomagnetic field strength vector and the corresponding three components of the gradient are presented. Installation in the device of additional measuring sensors – accelerometers, enables one to calculate the orientation of these vectors in space. The device of the magnetometer-gradiometer is described, its functional diagram and the principle of operation are presented. The set of instrumental errors arising in the manufacture of three-axis systems of fluxgates and accelerometers designed for measuring the components of the geomagnetic field strength and determining the orientation of the device is considered. A method of finding instrument errors and algorithmic correction of information signals that come from measuring sensors is presented. It is shown that this method provides a significant increase in measurement accuracy. Examples of field testing of the device are given. The presented magnetometer-gradiometer can be used to accurately localize tectonic disturbances, low-power zones of magnetic mineralization, previously identified ore bodies and determine the details of their structure. Keywords: magnetometer-gradiometer, gradient of the geomagnetic field, magnetic exploration equipment, algorithmic correction, fluxgate sensors.
Introduction. In magnetic exploration, the gradients of a geomagnetic field are understood to be derivatives of the scalar function in given directions, that is, the concept of “gradient” is identified with the concept of “component of the gradient vector.” However, in practice, instead of directional derivatives, one has to operate with finite differences in the values of the elements of terrestrial magnetism, reduced to the size of the base. These values can be found in one of the horizontal directions or vertically. Thus, the value of the gradient is attributed to the point of space located in the middle of the base [1]. Of the entire range of problems of gradiometry, the determination of local inhomogeneities of superweak magnetic fields within the natural variations of the geomagnetic field is of greatest interest. It is also necessary to calculate or measure the gradient in a detailed exploration of deposits with a shallow bed of magnetic rocks for more accurate localization of ore bodies and the solution of other problems associated with the separation of the effects of various objects by the magnetic field. Such measurements are especially important for complex anomalies, when the magnetic fields of large and small b
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