All Flesh Is Grass Plant-Animal Interrelationships
This new book takes us through a journey from early life to modern agriculture. The thirty eight authors present current studies on the interrelation of plants-animals. This topic has always fascinated man, as evidenced even by the first chapters of Genes
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Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology Volume 16
Series Editor: Joseph Seckbach The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/5775
All Flesh Is Grass Plant-Animal Interrelationships
Edited by
Joseph Seckbach The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel and
Zvy Dubinsky The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculaty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, 52900 Ramat Gan, Israel
Editors Joseph seckbach The hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel [email protected]
Zvy Dubinsky The Mina & everard Goodman Facuaty of life sciences Bar Ilan University 52900 ramat Gan Israel [email protected]
IsBN 978-90-481-9315-8 e-IsBN 978-90-481-9316-5 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9316-5 springer Dordrecht heidelberg london New York library of Congress Control Number: 2010935723 © springer science+Business Media B.V. 2011 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper springer is part of springer science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Table of Contents
Introduction/J. Seckbach..........................................................................
vii
List of Authors and Their Addresses........................................................
xi
PART 1:
EVOLUTION of Plant animal relationship Evolution of Plant–Animal Interactions [Chela-Flores, J., et al.]....................................................................
9
PART 2:
INSECTS INTERACTIONS The Leaf Cutting Ant–Plant Interaction from a Microbial Ecology Perspective [Abril A.].......................................................... Intestinal Spirochetes of Termites [König, H. and Dröge, S.].................. The Plant–Aphid Universe [Iluz, D.]........................................................ Insect–Plant Interactions: The Gall Factor [Raman, A.].........................
39 67 93 121
PART 3:
POLLINATION AND SEED DISPERSAL Ants as Pollinators of Plants and the Role of Floral Scents [Rostás, M. and Tautz, J.]................................................................ Crop Pollination in Modern Agriculture [Dag, A.].................................. Bee Cognition and Crop Pollination: Proven and Potential Applications [Shafir, S.].............................................. Zoochory: The Dispersal of Plants by Animals [Iluz, D.]...........................
151 165 185 201
PART 4:
ANIMALS AND HUMANS INVOLVEMENT Grazing Livestock, Our Connection To Grass: A Mediterra nean Insight: Why They Eat What They Eat, and How It Affects Us [Landau, S.Y. and Molle, G.]......................
v
219
vi
Table of Contents
Herbivore–Plant Interactions and Desertification in Arid L
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