An electrochemical aptasensor based on electrospun carbon nanofiber mat and gold nanoparticles for the sensitive detecti

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ORIGINAL PAPER

An electrochemical aptasensor based on electrospun carbon nanofiber mat and gold nanoparticles for the sensitive detection of Penicillin in milk Sahar Ebrahimi Vafaye1 · Alireza Rahman2 · Shila Safaeian1 · Mahdi Adabi3  Received: 30 July 2020 / Accepted: 29 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract In this research, a novel electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of Penicillin in a milk sample was designed using a Penicillin aptamer as the specific recognition element and an electrospun carbon nanofiber (ECNF) mat electrodeposited gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the platform. Firstly, the ECNF mat electrode was fabricated by means of electrospinning and heat treatment method. Secondly, the prepared ECNF mat electrode was modified with electrodeposition of AuNPs to improve the rate of electronic transmission. Finally, a Penicillin aptamer was assembled on the modified electrode. The morphology of AuNPs/ECNF mat electrode was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The SEM results demonstrated that the electrodeposition of AuNPs on ECNF mat electrode was successfully performed. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was utilized to indicate the electrochemical performance of the prepared aptasensor. The CV results illustrated a high selectivity, good stability, excellent reproducibility and repeatability as well as wide linear range (1–400 ng/mL) with a low detection limit (0.6 ng/mL). Moreover, the recoveries obtained in this research were in a good agreement with those achieved using the HPLC method. Therefore, a proposed aptasensor with a good electrochemical performance and simple preparation procedure can be proposed for the detection of Penicillin antibiotic in milk samples. Keywords  Penicillin antibiotic · Milk · Cyclic voltammetry · Aptasensor · Carbon nanofibers

Introduction One of the most important β-lactam antibiotics is Penicillin extensively prescribed for the prevention and treatment of different bacterial infections such as mastitis in dairy cow [1]. Although Penicillin has beneficial effects, overuse of this antibiotic results in the presence of residues in raw milk and threats human health. Hence, the development of

* Mahdi Adabi [email protected] 1



Department of Food Science and Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2



Department of Food Science and Technology, Shahr‑e‑Qods– DNR Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3

Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran



efficient and sensitive method for the detection of antibiotics residues in milk and other dairy products is necessary [2, 3]. To date, several accurate and reliable methods for the antibiotic detection have been used including liquid chromatography [4], high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [5], mass spectrometry (MS) [6], liquid chromatograph–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) [

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