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ORIGINAL PAPER

A simple and sensitive aptasensor based on SERS for trace analysis of kanamycin in milk Yingfen Jiang1,2,3 · Da‑Wen Sun1,2,3,4   · Hongbin Pu1,2,3 · Qingyi Wei1,2,3 Received: 31 October 2019 / Accepted: 5 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract This study aimed to propose a novel surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based aptasensor by using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) modified gold@silver core-shell nanoparticles (Au@Ag NPs) for detecting kanamycin for the first time with outstanding sensitivity and selectivity in the real milk samples. To achieve a high SERS activity substrate, the Au@Ag NPs with uniform shapes in a diameter of 32.2 ± 3.4 nm were synthesized successfully by seed-mediated growth and then modified with the Raman reporter 4-MBA. Under the optimal conditions, this aptamer sensing system exhibited a linear range between 6.67 × 10− 10 g/mL and 2 × 10− 7 g/mL with the limit of detection (142 pg/mL) of kanamycin. Moreover, the KANA-specific aptamer endowed a good specificity to this biosensor for the negative interference from other analogues (streptomycin sulfate, gentamicin sulfate, and penicillin). Finally, the aptasensor was applied in the artificially contaminated milk (1–100 ng/mL) samples and compared with the HPLC-MS technique, with the result indicating great practicality of the aptasensor. This paper has provided a potential aptasensor for simple and rapid trace-sensing of the harmful antibiotic residue in milk. Keywords  Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy · Kanamycin · Aptasensor · Milk · Specific analysis

Introduction

* Da‑Wen Sun [email protected] http://www.ucd.ie/refrig http://www.ucd.ie/sun 1



School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China

2



Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China

3

Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 510006 Guangzhou, China

4

Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland





Antibiotic is a common medicine, which acts either as a bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic agent and includes natural antibiotics, semi-synthetic antibiotics or fully synthetic antibiotics [1]. The aminoglycoside is a kind of antibiotic composed of two or more amino sugars linked to an aminocyclitol ring nucleus via glycosidic bonds. The treatment of aminoglycoside including kanamycin (KANA), neomycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, etc. is a widely used practice in agriculture and animal husbandry [2]. Therefore, aminoglycoside may remain in animal-origin foods by improper use