Antibiotics increased host insecticide susceptibility via collapsed bacterial symbionts reducing detoxification metaboli
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Antibiotics increased host insecticide susceptibility via collapsed bacterial symbionts reducing detoxification metabolism in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Tao Tang1,2 · Yunhua Zhang1 · Tingwei Cai1 · Xiaoqian Deng1 · Chaoya Liu1 · Jingmin Li1 · Shun He1 · Jianhong Li1 · Hu Wan1 Received: 7 March 2020 / Revised: 3 September 2020 / Accepted: 28 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Symbionts participate in various physiological activities of their insect hosts, including detoxification metabolism. Emerging evidence has revealed that the bacterial symbiont Arsenophonus is involved in insecticide detoxification metabolism of Nilaparvata lugens, which harbors diverse symbionts. However, it is still unknown whether other bacterial symbionts have a functional role in this process. This study showed that pretreatment with antibiotics significantly increased N. lugens susceptibility to imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, and clothianidin, and the detoxifying enzyme activities of the cytochrome P450 enzyme (P450) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were significantly inhibited. Notably, the P450 genes NlCYP6ER1 and NlCYP4CE1, which are related to imidacloprid metabolism, were dramatically downregulated in ciprofloxacin- and tetracycline-pretreated N. lugens, respectively. Furthermore, the expression levels of various detoxifying genes (GSTs and P450s) were significantly positively correlated with Wolbachia, Arsenophonus, Acinetobacter, and Staphylococcus. These results indicated that bacterial symbionts may affect insecticide metabolism by regulating the expression of the insect host’s GST and P450 genes, and provide a foundation for further study on the mechanism of symbiont-mediated host detoxification metabolism in insect pests. Keywords Bacterial symbionts · Detoxification metabolism · Nilaparvata lugens · P450s · Gsts
Key message • Bacterial symbionts are involved in Nilaparvata lugens Communicated by Emmanouil Roditakis. Tao Tang and Yunhua Zhang these authors contributed equally to this paper. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-020-01294-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hu Wan [email protected] 1
Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Enshi 445000, People’s Republic of China
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insecticide susceptibility.
• Bacterial symbionts indirectly altered host detoxifying
enzyme activities by regulating detoxifying gene expression. • Bacterial symbionts may play an important role in host detoxification metabolism.
Introduction Mammalian metabolism is closely connected to the presence of symbionts which act as natural bioreactors (Ley et al. 2005; Natividad et al. 2018). In insects, there are two
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