Antiviral Strategies

A crucial issue for antiviral therapy is the fact that all antiviral substances rapidly select for resistance; thus, monitoring and overcoming resistance has become a most important clinical paradigm of antiviral therapy. This calls for cautious use of an

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Volume 189

Editor-in-Chief F. Hofmann, München Editorial Board J. Beavo, Seattle, WA A. Busch, Berlin D. Ganten, Berlin J.-A. Karlsson, Singapore M. Michel, Amsterdam C.P. Page, London W. Rosenthal, Berlin

Hans-Georg Kräusslich



Ralf Bartenschlager

Editors

Antiviral Strategies Contributors J. Anderson, R. Bartenschlager, L.C. Bassit, C. Baum, B. Berkhout, C.A.B. Boucher, S. Chevaliez, S.J. Coats, E. De Clercq, S. Fleßa, J. Haasnoot, G. Hewlett, S.J. Hurwitz, H.-G. Kräusslich, S.-K. Lee, J. Lennerstrand, P. Marschall, T. Melby, B. Müller, J.H. Nettles, J. Neyts, M. Nijhuis, J.-M. Pawlotsky, U. Protzer, C. Schiffer, R.F. Schinazi, P.M. Schmidt, V. Soriano, R. Swanstrom, R. Thomson, N.M. van Maarseveen, M. von Itzstein, D. von Laer, H. Rübsamen-Waigmann, M. Westby, S. Zeuzem, H. Zimmermann

ABC

Editors Hans-Georg Kräusslich Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Hygiene Institute Department of Virology Im Neuenheimer Feld 324 69120 Heidelberg Germany hans-georg_kraeusslich@ med.uni-heidelberg.de

ISBN 978-3-540-79085-3

Ralf Bartenschlager Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Hygiene Institute Department of Molecular Virology Im Neuenheimer Feld 345 69120 Heidelberg Germany [email protected]

e-ISBN 978-3-540-79086-0

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ISSN 0171-2004 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008933564 c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 °

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Preface

On the evolutionary scale, viruses are as old as their hosts, and reports or representations of viral diseases date back to ancient history. The awareness of viral pathogens increased in the last 500 years with deadly epidemics of smallpox and a large death toll taken by measles and influenza. A prime example for a devastating viral pandemic leaving little options for intervention is the so-called Spanish flu in 1918/1919, which demanded more victims than the entire world war I. Becau