Application of precipitation products for flood modeling of transboundary river basin: a case study of Jhelum Basin
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Application of precipitation products for flood modeling of transboundary river basin: a case study of Jhelum Basin Muhammad Umer 1 & Hamza Farooq Gabriel 1 & Sajjad Haider 1 & Ammara Nusrat 1 & Muhammad Shahid 1 Muhammad Umer 1,2
&
Received: 31 January 2020 / Accepted: 16 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The main objective of this study is the flood modeling of the River Jhelum Basin in the Jammu and Kashmir using the Integrated Flood Analysis System (IFAS) hydrological model. The region having an area of 33,000 km2 has a limited rain gauge coverage. The data inaccessibility is accentuated due to the mountainous topography, glaciers, and remote areas. This research makes innovative use of the Asian Precipitation - Highly-Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation (APHRODITE) dataset to overcome the data scarcity for the basin. For flood modeling, a regionalized approach was adopted, whereby the four main tributaries of the River Jhelum Basin were separately modeled. The parameters, thus, determined, were later used in the modeling of the River Jhelum, the main river of the basin. The model was calibrated on the medium-high flood of 2010 and validated on the very high flood of 2014, obtaining good results as indicated by Nash–Sutcliffe Model Efficiency Coefficient (NSE) of 0.77. Later, the model was executed using the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP). It performed adequately for the high flood event of 2014, while for the flood of 2010, it gave poor results. Besides, this study also demonstrates the efficacy of a new generation of computer models that work by accessing the free global datasets available on the web for hydrological modeling. Keywords Flooding . Remote sensing . IFAS . Distributed hydrological modeling
1 Introduction Floods are one of the most frequently occurring natural disasters faced by the human race (Mendoza and Schwarze 2019). Pakistan has a history of recurrent floods, but the one of 2010 and 2014 are the largest in recent memory (FFC 2017). In July and August 2010, Pakistan was struck by a devastating flash flood (Akhtar 2011). The total number of people affected was reported to be 20.2 million; 1961 people died, and 1.9 million
* Muhammad Shahid [email protected] Hamza Farooq Gabriel [email protected] 1
School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
2
State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
homes were damaged or destroyed (UNOCHA 2010). Similarly, during the first week of September 2014, Jammu and Kashmir witnessed the worst floods in the past 60 years, causing the River Jhelum and its tributaries to overflow and to inflict widespread damages on the populace (Tabish and Syed 2014). The historic floods of 2010, resulting from heavy rainfall, highlighted the need for an efficient and reliable flood early
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