Argumentation Methods for Artificial Intelligence in Law
During a recent visit to China to give an invited lecture on legal argumentation I was asked a question about conventional opinion in western countries. If legal r- soning is thought to be important by those both inside and outside the legal prof- sion, w
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Douglas Walton
Argumentation Methods for Artificial Intelligence in Law With 28 Figures
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Professor Dr. Douglas Walton University of Winnipeg Department of Philosophy Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2E9 Canada [email protected]
ISBN-10 ISBN-13
3-540-25187-1 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York 978-3-540-25187-3 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
Library of Congress Control Number: 2005927861 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com ° Springer Berlin ´ Heidelberg 2005 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Hardcover-Design: Erich Kirchner, Heidelberg SPIN 11402756
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For Karen With Love
Contents Introduction ..........................................................................................................xi Acknowledgments..............................................................................................xvii Chapter 1: Informal Logic Methods for Law ..................................................... 1 1. Basics of Argument Diagramming ............................................................. 2 2. Araucaria .................................................................................................... 5 3. Legal Origins of Argument Diagramming.................................................. 8 4. Argumentation Schemes ........................................................................... 10 5. Enthymemes.............................................................................................. 14 6. Burden of Proof ........................................................................................ 16 7. Types of Dialogue..................................................................................... 21 8. Commitment Operations in Dialogues...................................................... 28 9. Legal and Everyday Argumentation ......................................................... 30 10. The Level of Difficulty of the Problems ................................................... 31 Chapter 2: Generalizations in Legal Reasoning ............................................... 35 1. The Necessity and Danger of Generalizations ..............................
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