Arterial Wall Mechanics
Large arteries serve two important mechanical functions: the delivery of blood to the tissues of the body and the buffering of pulsatile pressure and flow. The cushioning function of the large arteries alters molecular and cellular events through cyclic s
- PDF / 2,758,815 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595 x 785 pts Page_size
- 90 Downloads / 170 Views
ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF THE ARTERY • . VISCOELASTICITY
. • • .
. • . . • .
• • . • • • • . • • • • • • • • .
ARTERIAL WALL COMPONENTS
• .
. . • .
.
. • . • • • •
. . • .
. • .
. . .
151 152 152
DIRECT DETERMINATION OF ARTERIAL ELASTIC PROPERTIES
. . . . . • . • .
. . . • • . • • • • . • .
. • .
. •
153
EFFECTS OF SMOOTH MUSCLE TONE ON ARTERIAL ELASTIC PROPERTIES
. . • .
. • • .
. . . . . . • . . • • . . . . . . . .
ISOMETRIC VS. ISOBARIC
. . . . . • • • . • • . • .
DIRECT VS. INDIRECT EFFECTS OF DRUGS CHOICE OF UNSTRESSED RADIUS (R 0 ) IN VITRO vs. IN Vrvo
. • • • • .
•
. . • .
• . . . . . • .
•
• •
. . • • .
• •
•
•
. • . • .
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMPLIANCE AND EINC
• •
•
. • • .
. • .
. . •
154 155 156 156 156 157
MECHANISMS OF COMPLIANCE CHANGES WITH CHANGES IN SMOOTH MUSCLE TONE
. • • • • .
ARTERIAL WALL MODELS . . • .
. . • • .
. . • .
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
157 158
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS RELATED TO ARTERIAL WALL MECHANICS
. • • . • • . • • .
. • • • .
HYPERTENSION
. . . • .
HEART FAILURE
. . . . . . . . . . • .
ARTERIAL ANEURYSMS
. • • .
. . • .
. . • • .
. • • • • .
. • .
. . . • .
. . .
. • . • • .
. • •
. . . . . • .
. • • • . • .
.
. • • . • •
159 159 159 159
ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE RUPTURE AND MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION REFERENCES
• • .
. . • • .
. . . • • .
. . • • • .
. . • • • • .
. • • . • .
. . • .
. • • .
.
. . • . . . . . • •
159 160
Large arteries serve two important mechanical functions: the delivery of blood to the tissues of the body and the buffering of pulsatile pressure and flow. The cushioning function of the large arteries alters molecular and cellular events through cyclic stretch [1]. However, its most important function is to reduce impedence (dynamic resistance to the oscillatory components of pulsatile flow) to left ventricular outflow. This is accomplished directly by arterial expansion during systole and storage of blood in the large arteries for run-off in diastole. This function is called the Windkessel effect after the German word describing a fire pump that performed a similar task. In addition, the pulsatile load encountered by the left ventricle is indirectly affected by the transmission rate of anterograde and reflected pressure waves (pulse wave velocity). Reflected waves can return to the heart during systole and summate with anterograde waves to increase left ventricular impedence [2]. These direct and indirect effects on left ventricular afterload are dependent upon the size and stiffness of the large arteries. This chapter will tlms focus on arterial wall structure and function in relation to the cushion function oflarge arteries.
ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF THE ARTERY Elasticity refers to the relationship between the forces applied to a material and its consequent deformation. If a material returns to its original form when a force is applied and then removed, the material is perfectly elastic. If the material retains some or all of the deformation, it is plastic. If the elastic properti
Data Loading...
