Artery: Large Scale Simulation Environment for ITS Applications
Artery makes its mark with vehicular communication inspired by the European standardization efforts. Along with its sibling Vanetza, Artery provides an elaborated environment for ITS-G5 simulations. This chapter outlines Artery’s architecture and how Arte
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Artery: Large Scale Simulation Environment for ITS Applications Raphael Riebl, Christina Obermaier, and Hendrik-Jörn Günther
12.1 Introduction The development of Artery has been initiated by the need for a simulation environment supporting vehicular communication complying to European specifications. Back at that time, Vehicles in Network Simulation (Veins) has been already the de facto standard for simulating Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) communication with OMNeT++. However, Veins is focused on IEEE Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) and supported only a single application type per simulation setup. Artery originally addresses exactly these issues: running multiple applications per vehicle and facilitating communication with the European standard specifications. While in the beginning the link between Artery and Veins has been very strong, i.e., Artery was merely an extension of Veins, today one can run Artery without a single line of code from Veins. Veins support has not been dropped entirely though, as it is now one possibility for the radio model choice. The other option is to employ the INET Framework for simulating the radio-related aspects such as the wireless medium, the propagation process and its effects, and the actual transmitting and receiving Network Interface Cards (NICs). In a nutshell, Artery’s relation to Veins evolved from being an extension to a full-grown sibling. Before digging deep into Artery and its various features, this section introduces the peculiarities of European Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication
R. Riebl () · C. Obermaier Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] H.-J. Günther Volkswagen Group of America, Auburn Hills, MI, USA e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 A. Virdis, M. Kirsche (eds.), Recent Advances in Network Simulation, EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12842-5_12
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standards. As a sideline, some commonalities and differences between Artery and Veins (see Chap. 6) are highlighted, though both could be simply labeled as V2X simulation frameworks.
12.1.1 Intelligent Transport Systems in Europe Wireless communication between vehicles and other road participants, often referred to as V2X communication, can be realized based on various technological approaches. In Europe, this kind of communication is standardized by the ETSI under supervision of its Technical Committee for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The European Union even allocated a dedicated frequency spectrum for the purpose of increasing safety, efficiency, and comfort in road traffic. This frequency band is located at 5.9 GHz and hence the communication in this band according to the ETSI standards is called ITS-G5. At the lower layers, namely the physical and the link layer, ITS-G5 borrows a lot from IEEE 802.11p. The 802.11 amendment with the “p” suffix introduced new features to the we
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