Arthropod Biodiversity on Jute and Allied Fibre Crops
Biotic stresses, particularly insect attacks, adversely affect the yield potential and the fibre quality of jute and allied fibre crops. Insect and mite pests attack these plants at seedling, growth and fibre development stages. Moreover, fibre crops have
- PDF / 4,361,644 Bytes
- 27 Pages / 439.37 x 666.14 pts Page_size
- 49 Downloads / 179 Views
10
K. Selvaraj, B.S. Gotyal, S.P. Gawande, S. Satpathy, and S.K. Sarkar
Abstract
Biotic stresses, particularly insect attacks, adversely affect the yield potential and the fibre quality of jute and allied fibre crops. Insect and mite pests attack these plants at seedling, growth and fibre development stages. Moreover, fibre crops have witnessed the effect of the gradual shift in the climatic pattern in terms of increased diversity and intensity of biotic stresses. The pest outbreaks in these crops have become more frequent which elevated the minor pests to the status of major pests. Considering the occasional, low-input management strategy adopted in these crops, the enhanced pest status of the existing pests, greater severity and the report of many new insect pests indicates the role of various biotic and abiotic stresses in triggering this dynamism in the pest scenario. The report of cotton mealybug, gram pod borer and safflower caterpillar in jute indicates the emerging new pests which may cause economic damage in future. The infestation of yellow mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus in jute, and Bihar hairy caterpillar, Spilosoma obliqua in all fibre crops, is more regular and so severe that the situation may reach the status of outbreaks. The scenario is more or less same in the allied fibre crops. Published information on arthropods of jute and allied fibre crops is meagre. A few natural enemies and pollinators have been listed on fibre crops, but the attempt to utilize them is wanting. Considering the cost of cultivation and profitability, it is important to develop a low-cost, easily adoptable integrated pest management (IPM) technology for these crops including natural enemies. K. Selvaraj (*) • B.S. Gotyal • S. Satpathy • S.K. Sarkar Division of Crop Protection, Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibre Crops (CRIJAF), Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India e-mail: [email protected] S.P. Gawande Ramie Research Station, Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibre Crops (CRIJAF), Sorbhog 781317, Assam, India © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 A.K. Chakravarthy, S. Sridhara (eds.), Economic and Ecological Significance of Arthropods in Diversified Ecosystems, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1524-3_10
195
196
K. Selvaraj et al.
Keywords
Bihar hairy caterpillar • Climatic pattern • Jute • Ramie and yellow mite
10.1
Introduction
Jute (Corchorus spp.) and allied fibres such as tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) and white jute (C. capsularis L.), kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), roselle (H. sabdariffa L.), sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), sisal (Agave sisalana Perr.) and ramie (Boehmeria nivea Gaud.) are called natural bast fibres. Fibre is extracted from the stem of jute, mesta, sunnhemp and ramie and from leaf of sisal. Except sisal and ramie, all others are annual crop whereas sisal and ramie are plantation crops of 6–10 years duration (Das and Mait 1998). The jute-producing countries are India, Bangladesh, China, Uzbekistan, Nepal, Vietnam, Zimbabwe, Thailand and
Data Loading...
