Ascorbic Acid Detection with MnO 2 -Modified GCPE
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Ascorbic Acid Detection with MnO2-Modified GCPE Serdar Çevik 1 & Oğuz Akpolat 1 & Ülkü Anik 1
Received: 17 April 2015 / Accepted: 3 June 2015 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract In this study, manganese(IV) oxide (MnO2) nanoparticle (np)-modified glassy carbon paste electrode is used for ascorbic acid (AA) detection in fruit juice samples. The experimental parameters like MnO2 np amount and pH were optimized by using modified full factorial design model. By means of this model, the number of experiments has been reduced. Under optimal conditions, the linear range for AA was obtained between 2.64×10−6 and −1.5×10−3 M. Limit of detection (LOD) (3 s/m) and relative standard deviation (RSD) were calculated as 8×10−7 M and 4.56 %, respectively. Developed sensor was applied to AA detection in fruit juice samples. Keywords MnO2 nanoparticles . Glassy carbon paste electrode . Ascorbic acid . Fruit juice
Introduction The use of metal/metal oxide nanoparticle superstructures for the organization of electrochemical sensing devices is an extremely promising prospect. In electroanalytical applications, metal nanoparticles provide some important functions including the roughening of the conductive sensing interface and some catalytic properties that result in amplification of electrochemical signal (Wang 2005). Chemical properties of some nanoparticles could be different from those of the bulk materials since nanostructures have higher surface energy than * Serdar Çevik [email protected] 1
Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, 48000Kötekli, Mugla, Turkiye
bulk counterparts. Due to this property, usually nanoparticles are chemically more active than the related bulk materials. Manganese(IV) oxides (MnO2) are a kind of inorganic materials that show catalytic activity towards some reagents. Also, it is known that bulk MnO2 catalyzes the decomposition of H2O2 while MnO2 nanoparticles (MnO2 np) react with H2O2 directly (Luo et al. 2004a, b). By using this advantage, various biosensors based on H2O2 monitoring have been constructed (Yao et al. 2006; Hocevar et al. 2004; Lin et al. 2005). It has also been demonstrated that by using MnO2 np, more sensitive results were obtained both for lactate (Xu et al. 2005) and ascorbic acid (AA) (Luo et al. 2004a, b). AA is a water-soluble vitamin which exists in biological fluids, fruit juice, and vegetables. Pharmaceutical, chemical, cosmetic, and food sectors benefit from it as an antioxidant (Prasad et al. 2011). It is widely used to prevent and treat some diseases such as common cold, mental illness, infertility, and in some manifestations of HIV infection. On the other hand, diseases such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, and hepatic disorders are related to AA concentration in the body fluids (Mbouguen et al. 2011; Mallesha et al. 2011). Although electrochemical methods are majorly used techniques for AA detection, methods like fluorescence, chemiluminescence, high-performance liquid chromatography, capillary zone electrophoresis, flo
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