Autumn potato seedling failure due to potato dry rot in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, caused by Fusarium acuminatum and Fu
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Autumn potato seedling failure due to potato dry rot in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, caused by Fusarium acuminatum and Fusarium commune Hisashi Osawa1 · Yu Sakamoto2 · Seishi Akino3 · Norio Kondo3 Received: 2 March 2020 / Accepted: 25 May 2020 © The Phytopathological Society of Japan and Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Failure to sprout due to seed-tuber rot is a serious problem for autumn potato seedling cultivation in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. In this study, five strains were isolated from rotten seed tubers sampled in 2015; when tubers were inoculated with these strains, the tubers developed rot and failed to sprout. We identified these strains as Fusarium acuminatum, Fusarium commune, and the known agent of potato dry rot, Fusarium oxysporum based on morphological and DNA sequencing analyses. F. commune and F. acuminatum were identified as causal agents of potato dry for the first time in the world and in Japan, respectively. Keywords Dry rot · Potato · Fusarium commune · Fusarium oxysporum · Fusarium acuminatum Double cropping of potatoes is common in parts of southwestern Japan, such as Nagasaki Prefecture in the Kyushu region, but seed-tuber rot has caused a shortage of autumn seedlings (Sakamoto et al. 2016a), especially of cultivars Aiyutaka (Nakao et al. 2004) and Sanjumaru (Mukojima et al. 2012) and yield losses in the main cropping areas of Nagasaki. Sections of rotten seed tubers were covered with mycelia and occasionally have wrinkles. Sprouting disorders have also been observed (Sakamoto et al. 2016b). Internal necrotic areas of rotten tubers were shades of brown, ranging The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession numbers LC469781–LC469790. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-020-00969-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hisashi Osawa [email protected] 1
Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita‑ku Kita 9 Nishi 9, Sapporo 060‑8589, Japan
2
Nagasaki Agricultural and Forestry Technical Development Center, 2777, Otsu, Aino‑cho, Unzen, Nagasaki 854‑0302, Japan
3
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita‑ku Kita 9 Nishi 9, Sapporo 060‑8589, Japan
from fawn to dark chocolate. Some severely rotten tubers may exhibit a soft rot caused by secondary saprophytic microorganisms. When viewed with a microscope, tuber sections contained hyphae with crescent-shaped conidia characteristic of Fusarium spp. Here we identified the causal agents of this tuber rot and sprouting disorder. Rotten seed tubers were unearthed from areas where seedlings failed to appear in potato cropping fields of the Nagasaki Agricultural and Forestry Technical Development Center (Unzen, Nagasaki, Japan) in October 2015. The rotten tubers were placed in plastic containers with wet paper and incubated at room temperature for 2–7 days. Newly produced hyphal masses we
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