Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces apoptosis in the trout ovary
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Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces apoptosis in the trout ovary Simon MacKenzie2, Nuria Montserrat1, Mario Mas1, Laura Acerete2, Lluis Tort2, Aleksei Krasnov3,5, Frederick W Goetz4 and Josep V Planas*1 Address: 1Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 2Unitat de Fisiologia Animal, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i d'Immunologia, Facultat de Ciencies, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, 3Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland, 4Great Lakes Water Institute, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA and 5Akvaforsk, PO Box 5010, N-1432 Ås, Norway Email: Simon MacKenzie - [email protected]; Nuria Montserrat - [email protected]; Mario Mas - [email protected]; Laura Acerete - [email protected]; Lluis Tort - [email protected]; Aleksei Krasnov - [email protected]; Frederick W Goetz - [email protected]; Josep V Planas* - [email protected] * Corresponding author
Published: 31 August 2006 Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2006, 4:46
doi:10.1186/1477-7827-4-46
Received: 01 June 2006 Accepted: 31 August 2006
This article is available from: http://www.rbej.com/content/4/1/46 © 2006 MacKenzie et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract Background: In mammals it is well known that infections can lead to alterations in reproductive function. As part of the innate immune response, a number of cytokines and other immune factors is produced during bacterial infection or after treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and acts on the reproductive system. In fish, LPS can also induce an innate immune response but little is known about the activation of the immune system by LPS on reproduction in fish. Therefore, we conducted studies to examine the in vivo and in vitro effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the reproductive function of sexually mature female trout. Methods: In saline- and LPS -injected brook trout, we measured the concentration of plasma steroids as well as the in vitro steroidogenic response (testosterone and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone) of ovarian follicles to luteinizing hormone (LH), the ability of 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one to induce germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) in vitro, and that of epinephrine to stimulate follicular contraction in vitro. We also examined the direct effects of LPS in vitro on steroid production, GVBD and contraction in brook trout ovarian follicles. The incidence of apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL analysis. Furthermore, we examined the gene expression pattern in the ovary of saline- and LPS-injected rainbow trout by microarray analysis. Results: LPS treatment in vivo did not affect plasma testosterone concentration or
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