Bayesian belief-based model for reliability improvement of the digital reactor protection system
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Bayesian belief-based model for reliability improvement of the digital reactor protection system Hanaa Torkey1 • Amany S. Saber2 Marwa A. Shouman1
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Mohamed K. Shaat2 • Ayman El-Sayed1
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Received: 30 May 2020 / Revised: 21 August 2020 / Accepted: 22 August 2020 / Published online: 11 October 2020 China Science Publishing & Media Ltd. (Science Press), Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Nuclear Society and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
Abstract The digital reactor protection system (RPS) is one of the most important digital instrumentation and control (I&C) systems utilized in nuclear power plants (NPPs). It ensures a safe reactor trip when the safety-related parameters violate the operational limits and conditions of the reactor. Achieving high reliability and availability of digital RPS is essential to maintaining a high degree of reactor safety and cost savings. The main objective of this study is to develop a general methodology for improving the reliability of the RPS in NPP, based on a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) model. The structure of BBN models is based on the incorporation of failure probability and downtime of the RPS I&C components. Various architectures with dual-state nodes for the I&C components were developed for reliability-sensitive analysis and availability optimization of the RPS and to demonstrate the effect of I&C components on the failure of the entire system. A reliability framework clarified as a reliability block diagram transformed into a BBN representation was constructed for each architecture to identify which one will fit the required reliability. The results showed that the highest availability obtained using the proposed method was 0.9999998. There are 120 experiments using two common component importance measures that are applied to define the impact of I&C modules, which revealed that some modules are more risky than
& Amany S. Saber [email protected] 1
Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Cairo, Egypt
2
Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
others and have a larger effect on the failure of the digital RPS. Keywords Nuclear power plants Reactor protection system Bayesian belief network
1 Introduction Nuclear engineering has implemented computer software into all facets of this field. There are a wide variety of fields associated with nuclear engineering with computers, and associated software is used in design and analysis [1–5]. NPPs are the world’s energy resources, with nuclear energy now providing about 10% of the world’s electricity from about 440 power reactors. The most critical issues in the design and operation of NPPs are safety systems. NPP safety systems are employed for safe operation and shutdown of the reactor in emergency cases to mitigate the consequences of events or accidents [6]. The digital RPS is a complicated NPP control system that comprises a collection of nuclear safety components designed to initiate a reactor trip if sa
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