BdERF96 interacts with BdASR1 to specifically respond to drought and oxidative stress in Brachypodium distachyon
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
BdERF96 interacts with BdASR1 to specifically respond to drought and oxidative stress in Brachypodium distachyon Jin Seok Yoon1 • Yong Weon Seo1 Received: 21 April 2020 / Accepted: 16 August 2020 Ó Society for Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2020
Abstract Abscisic acid-, stress-, ripening-induced (ASR) proteins are some of the most important small proteins involved in plant responses to abiotic stresses and hormone signals. Recently, BdASR1 was revealed to be upregulated in response to abiotic stresses and hormone treatments and regulate expression of stress-related genes and drought tolerance in tobacco plants. However, the biological and molecular functions of BdASR1 remain to be elucidated. Here, we isolated and characterized BdASR1-interacting protein using the yeast two-hybrid assay. The expression of the interaction protein, BdERF96, increased under drought and oxidative stress corresponding to the expression of BdASR1. Subcellular localization of BdERF96 was detected in the plasma membrane and nucleus. The interaction of BdASR1 and BdERF96 at the plasma membrane and nucleus was demonstrated using bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis. The findings imply that BdERF96 in association with BdASR1 could play a role in the positive response to drought and oxidative stresses. Keywords Brachypodium distachyon L. Aba-, stress-, ripening-induced protein AP2/ERF superfamily Abscisic acid Drought Oxidative stress Abbreviations ABA Abscisic acid AP2/ APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor ERF ASR Abscisic acid-, stress-, ripening-induced BiFC Bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis GFP Green fluorescent protein PEG Polyethylene glycol YFP Yellow fluorescent protein
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-020-00587-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Yong Weon Seo [email protected] 1
Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
Introduction Plants are frequently exposed to diverse stresses and environmental conditions. Diverse stresses such as abiotic and biotic stresses adversely affect plant growth and development. However, plants have developed complex mechanisms including morphological, physiological, cellular, and molecular pathways to cope with various stresses (Fujita et al. 2006; Nakashima et al. 2009; Shinozaki et al. 2003). Transcription factors, including MYBs, bZIPs and CBFs, play important roles in the gene expression by regulating expression via interaction with cis-acting elements in promoter region of stress-responsive genes, leading to plant stress tolerance (Akhtar et al. 2012; Chinnusamy et al. 2004). The AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor) superfamily is one of the largest groups of plant transcription factors. AP2/ERF proteins have been classified into AP2, ERF, and RAV families (Riechmann et al. 2000). The AP2 family members contain two AP2/ERF domains and are further subdiv
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