Bilayered nanosheets used for complex topography wound anti-infection
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Bilayered nanosheets used for complex topography wound anti‑infection Chengkai Xuan2,3,4 · Xuemin Liu2,3,4 · Chen Lai1 · Xuetao Shi1,2,3,4 Received: 26 May 2020 / Accepted: 1 August 2020 / Published online: 20 August 2020 © Zhejiang University Press 2020
Abstract There is a consensus that the prevention of wound infection should be achieved in the following ways: (1) closing the wound to protect it from extra infection; (2) an antibacterial agent that could kill endogenous bacteria. However, existing bulk two-dimensional antibacterial materials show inefficient adhesion to wounds with complex morphology and thus cause the prevention of wound closure. Reducing the thickness of bulk two-dimensional materials to less than 100 nanometres endows them with great flexibility, which could allow them to adhere to wounds with complex morphology by only physical adhesion. Herein, a broad-spectrum and efficient antimicrobial peptide (AMP) was introduced to biocompatible methacrylated gelatine (GelMA) with multiple modification sites, which served as an inner antibacterial layer. After being combined with a biodegradable and good mechanical poly-l-lactide (PLLA) outer layer through plasma-treatment-assisted spin coating, we finally constructed bilayered antibacterial nanosheets with a thickness of approximately 80 nm. These bilayered nanosheets possess good adhesion to surfaces with complex topography and thus achieve better wound closure than other bulk two-dimensional materials. Moreover, this AMP-grafted conjugation shows minimal cytotoxicity compared with A g+ antibacterial agents, and the antibacterial rate of nanosheets is dependent on the graft rate of AMP. We suggest that this bilayered antibacterial nanosheet might be an advanced anti-infection dressing for wound treatment in clinical settings. Keywords Nanosheet · Adhesive · Complicated topography · Antimicrobial
Introduction Bacterial infection is the main cause of wound aggravation and can even lead to severe sepsis [1, 2]. To date, debridement, irrigation-suction and subsequent antibacterial agents Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-020-00091-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xuetao Shi [email protected] 1
Peking University Shenzhen Institute, Peking University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
3
National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
4
Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, People’s Republic of China
or dressing treatments are effective methods in clinical settings [3, 4]. However, general antibacterial agents, such as antibiotics and Ag+ dressings, lead to superbugs or ion-deposition-induced cytotoxicity [5, 6]. M
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