Biogeographical distribution of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) bacteria in wetland ecosystems around
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SEDIMENTS, SEC 4 • SEDIMENT-ECOLOGY INTERACTIONS • RESEARCH ARTICLE
Biogeographical distribution of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) bacteria in wetland ecosystems around the world Huawei Pan 1 & Dongdan Yuan 1 & Weiyue Liu 1,2 & Yanxia Pi 1 & Shanyun Wang 1 & Guibing Zhu 1,2 Received: 12 November 2019 / Accepted: 30 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Nitrate (NO3−) is the second preferred terminal electron acceptor after oxygen (O2), as it plays an essential role as the main electron acceptor for respiration under oxygen-depleted conditions. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) is an increasingly important process of microbial-driven nitrate reduction in wetland ecosystems, making it necessary to study the biogeographical distribution and structure of the DNRA community, and to identify the factors governing DNRA in global wetlands. Materials and methods We collected samples from 15 wetland sites around the world and used qPCR assay analysis to quantify the DNRA functional gene nrfA. High-throughput sequencing was conducted to analyze the microbial diversity and community structure of DNRA bacteria. The most connected genera were derived from molecular ecological network analysis. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA), redundancy analysis (RDA), and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used to explore the relationship between microbial structure and environmental factors. Results and discussion The environmental conditions of the wetlands varied largely with the latitude. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria was dominant, and Anaerolinea was the key genus. Pearson’s correlation analysis also illustrated that the annual average temperature, as a factor of latitude, most significantly affected DNRA abundance, followed by total organic matter (TOM) and C/N ratio. Conclusions For the first time, we summarized the characteristics of DNRA bacteria at the molecular level, along with the influencing factors, in wetlands with a wide biogeographical distribution. This study provides a scientific foundation for the future study of DNRA bacteria in wetlands around the world. Keywords Abundance . Biogeographical distribution . DNRA . High-throughput sequencing . Wetland ecosystems
1 Introduction Wetlands perform multiple functions and are important for the organisms they contain and the surrounding areas (Arrigoni Responsible editor: Terrence H. Bell Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02707-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Guibing Zhu [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
2
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
et al. 2008; Barbier et al. 2011). In recent years, wetlands have attracted increased attention because of their role in nitrogen (N) cycling (Ardon et al.
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