Biological response modifier glucan through balancing of blood glucose may have a prophylactic potential in COVID-19 pat
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COMMENTARY
Biological response modifier glucan through balancing of blood glucose may have a prophylactic potential in COVID-19 patients Nobunao Ikewaki 1,2 & Masaru Iwasaki 3 & Samuel J. K. Abraham 3,4,5,6 Received: 25 August 2020 / Revised: 1 October 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract With the COVID-19 pandemic causing huge threat to public health and definite treatment modalities and preventive vaccines yet to be arrived at, some of the key indicators of relevance to its prognosis have started emerging. One such independent predictor of outcome has been fasting plasma glucose (FPG) at the time of admission. Earlier, co-morbidities such as diabetes also have been reported to have a risk of relatively increased mortality due to COVID-19. In this background, we herein report on the beneficial effects of Biological response modifier glucan (BRMG) secreted by the black yeast Aureobasidium pullulans AFO-202 which has been proven to bring under control blood sugar levels in human subjects and also has potential in enhancing & regulating the immune parameters in relevance to COVID-19. We further recommend that this BRMG be tried in clinical studies of COVID-19 to provide a prophylactic effect for validation. Keywords COVID-19 . Biological response modifier glucan (BRMG) . Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) . Diabetes . Prophylaxis
Introduction Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level at admission has been indicated as a strong independent predictor of mortality in COVID19 affected patients [1.2]. Wang et al. published their report of 605 COVID-19 patients in whom fasting plasma glucose (FPG)
* Samuel J. K. Abraham [email protected]; [email protected]
level ≥ 7.00 mmol/L at admission was a strong independent predictor of 28-day mortality [1] and recommended glycaemic testing & control in all COVID-19 patients even where they have no pre-existing diabetes. Zhang et al. also reported about 461 COVID-19 patients in whom fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level ≥ 6.23 mmol/L at admission was a strong independent predictor of poor outcomes. They further suggested that acute hyperglycaemia may cause organ damage by inducing endothelial dysfunction and thrombosis, which may be one of the key underlying mechanisms connecting the higher FPG with poor outcome of COVID-19 [2].
Nobunao Ikewaki [email protected] Masaru Iwasaki [email protected] 1
Department of Medical Life Science, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, Nobeoka, Japan
2
Institute of Immunology, Junsei Educational Institute, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, Japan
3
Yamanashi University- School of Medicine, Yamanashi Chuo, Japan
4
Edogawa Evolutionary Laboratory of Science (EELS), Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
5
The Mary-Yoshio Translational Hexagon (MYTH), Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM), Chennai, India
6
GN Corporation Co. Ltd, 3-8, Wakamatsu, 400-0866 Kofu, Japan
Biological response modifier glucans (BRMG) Beta-D-glucans are highly conserved structural components of cell walls in yeast, fungi, or seaweed which are natu
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