Bone healing at collagenated bicortically installed implants: an experimental study in rabbits
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Bone healing at collagenated bicortically installed implants: an experimental study in rabbits Luigi Feletto 1 & Franco Bengazi 2 & Joaquín Juan Urbizo Velez 2 & Mauro Ferri 3 & Riccardo Favero 1 & Daniele Botticelli 1 Received: 18 February 2020 / Accepted: 7 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose To study the healing at collagenated bicortically installed implants. Methods Twenty albino New Zealand rabbits were used for implant installation. Two implants with a double acid etched surface, coated with a collagen type I or left uncoated, were installed bicortically in the metaphysis and in the diaphysis of each tibia. Ten rabbits were euthanized after 2 weeks and ten after 6 weeks after installation. Ground sections were prepared for histological analyses that were performed both in the cortical layers and in the marrow regions. Results After 2 weeks of healing, highest amounts of new bone were found at the collagenated implants (43.2 ± 6.0%) compared to the standard implants (33.9 ± 6.1%; p = 0.022). After 6 weeks of healing, similar percentages of new bone were observed, being 51.8 ± 7.3% and 50.9 ± 9.6% (p = 0.678) for the standard and collagenated surfaces, respectively. Conclusions A coated surface with collagen type I promoted bone apposition in the earliest periods of healing. However, the effect vanished over time so that similar results were obtained after 6 weeks of healing. Keywords Animal study . Implant dentistry . Surface configuration . Osseointegration . Bicortical stabilization
Introduction Several factors have been shown to influence osseointegration such as the model used (different animals, humans), the type of bone (cortical or marrow bone), and the implant surface. Osseointegration is faster in animals compared humans, and faster in the spongiosa compared to the cortical layer [1]. In the cortical region, new bone apposition occurs after the resorption of the parent bone in contact with the implant surface. Conversely, in the spongiosa, new bone can be formed directly on the implant surface without being preceded by resorption processes [2, 3]. Surfaces with moderate roughness have been shown to present the highest degree of osseointegration [4].
* Daniele Botticelli [email protected] 1
ARDEC Academy, viale Giovanni Pascoli 67, Rimini, Italy
2
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Science, La Habana, Cuba
3
ARDEC Foundation, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
Nevertheless, to increase the energy and hydrophilicity of the surface aiming to accelerate and improve osteointegration, the characteristics of the implant surface have been modified using different physical, chemical and biochemical methods [4–14]. A biochemical modification of the surface through organic coating, including collagen type I, has been shown to increase significantly bone-to-implant contact compared to uncoated machined surface [15]. The coating of the implant surface with collagen type I showed several advantages, such as promoting bone
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