Changes in quantity and quality of organic matter in soil after application of poultry litter and poultry litter biochar
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Changes in quantity and quality of organic matter in soil after application of poultry litter and poultry litter biochar—5-year field experiment Renata Jarosz 1 & Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek 1,2 Lidia Marcińska-Mazur 2
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Krzysztof Gondek 2
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Michał Kopeć 2
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Tomáš Lošák 3 &
Received: 18 June 2020 / Revised: 1 September 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Changes of the addition of poultry litter (PL) and poultry litter biochar (PLB) on quantitative and qualitative humus parameters in loamy sand were estimated during the 5-year study period. The following properties were determined in soil: pH, total carbon (Ctotal), total nitrogen (Ntotal), humic and fulvic acids, extracted carbon, and non-hydrolysing carbon. Additionally, light absorbance in the solutions of humic acids was computed at the wavelength of 280, 465, and 665 nm. It was demonstrated that organic matter mineralisation was most intense in soil with the addition of PL, causing significant quantitative and qualitative changes in humus compounds in soil. A slower rate of organic matter mineralisation was observed in soil amended with PLB, especially in a dose of 5.0 t ha−1, which indicated the long-term effect of this material on improving soil properties. Spectrophotometric indexes for the solution of humic acids also showed that PLB had a more favourable effect on the structure durability and lower mobility of humic acid carbon compared with PL. The application of PL and PLB significantly increased the non-hydrolysing carbon content in soil, indicating greater stabilisation of humus compounds and, at the same time, lower CO2 emissions. It was found that the addition of organic materials to soil significantly increased the soil organic carbon contents. Our study has shown that the identification of changes that may occur in the quantitative and qualitative composition of soil humus after the application of PLB may be helpful in determining the appropriate biochar dose. Keywords Soil . Humic substances . Biochar . Organic carbon . Carbon stocks
1 Introduction Soil organic matter (SOM) has a positive effect on soil sorption and buffering properties and biological activity; it stabilises soil structure, consequently limiting its degradation [1]. Due to the multi-directional, beneficial effects of organic * Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
2
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, Krakow 31-120, Poland
3
Department of Environmentalistics and Natural Resources, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
matter in soil, solutions that could improve soil richness in SOM have been sought for many years. Application of various organic materials, including waste, is one of the activities potentially increasing OM resources. Undo
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