Changes in the Expression of GAT 1 (GABA transporter) in the Ventrolateral Part of the Solitary Tract Nucleus in Prenata
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Changes in the Expression of GAT1 (GABA transporter) in the Ventrolateral Part of the Solitary Tract Nucleus in Prenatal Serotonin Deficiency in Rats L. I. Khozhai
UDC 611.018.8:612.72
Translated from Morfologiya, Vol. 156, No. 6, pp. 15–19, November–December, 2019. Original article submitted July 12, 2019. Revised version received August 7, 2019. Objectives. To study the expression of GAT1 (GABA transporter) at the early periods of postnatal development in the ventrolateral part of the solitary tract nucleus in prenatal serotonin deficiency in rats. Materials and methods. The endogenous serotonin level in the embryonic period was decreased by inhibition of tryptophan hydroxylase with para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) (Sigma, USA). GAT-1 transporter was detected using primary rabbit polyclonal antibodies (anti-GABA transporter 1, GAT1) (AbCam, UK). Results. From the early neonatal period to the beginning of juvenile age, the neuropil and the processes, terminals, and synaptic structures of the lateral and ventral parts of the solitary tract nucleus of control rats showed a gradual increase in GAT1 expression in experimental animals. The level of expression of GAT1 transporter was significantly greater in the lateral and ventral parts during postnatal weeks 1 and 2 than in controls, though by the end of week 3, i.e., by the beginning of juvenile age, it decreased to become significantly lower than in controls. Conclusions. The respiratory areas of the solitary tract nucleus in control rats in the first three weeks of postnatal development showed a gradual increase in GAT1 expression. Serotonin deficiency during the prenatal period led to impaired expression of GAT1 in the early postnatal period. These changes can lead to changes in GABA transmission, which may in turn be the cause of imbalance between inhibitory and excitatory effects in the respiratory center in the early postnatal period and, thus, may be the basis of the development of respiratory dysfunctions at early age. Keywords: solitary tract nucleus, serotonin, GAT1 (GABA transporter), early postnatal period.
GABA. In adult animals, GABAergic neurons are distributed diffusely and are seen throughout the area of the caudal part of the STN. GAT1 is one of the main GABA transporters and is an Na+-dependent neurotransmitter reuptake protein located on the plasma membrane of neurons and neuroglial cells [1, 2]. Both GABA and serotonin (5-HT) regulate overall neurotransmitter homeostasis in this area via the projections of neurons in the caudal serotoninergic raphe nuclei and the receptor component (5-HTRA and 5-HTRB receptors) [11, 14]. Changes in the balance of the contents of these biologically active substances in the nuclei of the respiratory center can induce respiratory dysfunction [12]. Very little is as yet known of the effects of serotonin on establishment of the elements of the inhibitory GABAergic network and mechanisms of control of GABA transmission in respiratory neurons during early postnatal development.
Introduction. The lateral and ventral g
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