Chromium Exposure Causes Structural Aberrations of Erythrocytes, Gills, Liver, Kidney, and Genetic Damage in Striped Cat
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Chromium Exposure Causes Structural Aberrations of Erythrocytes, Gills, Liver, Kidney, and Genetic Damage in Striped Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus Sajida Akter Suchana 1 & Md Shaker Ahmed 1 & S. M. Majharul Islam 1 & Muhammad Lutfar Rahman 1,2 & Md Fazle Rohani 3 & Tanzina Ferdusi 4 & A. K. Shakur Ahmmad 4 & Mst Kaniz Fatema 1 & Muhammad Badruzzaman 5 & Md Shahjahan 1 Received: 7 October 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Heavy metal pollution due to anthropogenic activities poses a great threat to aquatic organisms. The present study was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of hexavalent chromium (potassium dichromate) on hemato-biochemical, histo-pathological, and genetical changes in striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Three sub-lethal doses (0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/L) of chromium (Cr) were selected and fish were exposed in vivo contrasting with a control (0 mg/L) for 30 days. The study revealed that various hemato-biochemical parameters showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), and blood glucose content, whereas white blood cells (WBCs) significantly increased in Cr exposed fish. Frequencies of all forms of structural abnormalities of erythrocytes (erythrocytic cellular abnormalities; ECA, erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities; ENA and erythroblasts; Ebs) were significantly increased in higher two test concentrations (1.6 and 3.2 mg/L) when compared to control. Differential leucocyte count exhibited significant increase in neutrophil and decrease in lymphocytes in the highest Cr treated group. The severity of various histo-pathological changes in the gills, liver, and kidney were increased considerably with the increase of Cr concentrations. Similarly, the amount of DNA (ng/μl) decreased significantly in blood and tissues of different vital organs where the liver showed the highest decline compared to control in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken altogether, P. hypophthalmus is susceptible to Cr and can be used as a bioindicator to assess aquatic metal pollution. Keywords K2Cr2O7 . Heavy metals . Genotoxicity . Fish . Hematological parameters . DNA
Introduction * Md Shahjahan [email protected] 1
Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
2
Department of Genetics and Fish Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
3
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
4
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
5
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
Water pollution due to anthropogenic changes has recently been a major concern for aquatic environments. The rapid growth of population, intensive agricultu
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