Civil-Military Relations in Post-Deng China From Symbiosis to Quasi-
This book demonstrates that civil-military relations have evolved away from symbiosis to quasi-institutionalization in post-Deng Xiaoping China. As the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) is a Leninist party-army, it is commonly assumed that the relation
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Civil-Military Relations in Post-Deng China
Nan Li
Civil-Military Relations in Post-Deng China From Symbiosis to Quasi-Institutionalization
Nan Li East Asian Institute National University of Singapore Singapore, Singapore
ISBN 978-981-15-6441-3 ISBN 978-981-15-6442-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6442-0 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Contents
1 Introduction: Analytical Puzzle, Literature Review, Central Arguments, and Methodological Considerations 1 2 Evolving Functions of the Party and Political Work System in the PLA 25 3 The PLA and Intra-CCP Leadership Power Struggle in the Eras of Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping 63 4 Top Leaders and the PLA in the Post-Deng Era 99 5 Circulation of Elites Across the Civil-Military Institutional Boundaries135 6 Explaining the Evolution of Civil-Military Relations from Symbiosis to Quasi-Institutionalization in China217 7 Major Implications for China’s National Security, Civil-Military Cooperation, and Inter-Agency Policy Coordination241
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Contents
8 Conclusion: Institutional Changes and Possible Role of the Military in Transition to the Post-Xi Jinping Leadership269 Index289
List of Charts
Chart 2.1
Chart 6.1
Chart 7.1
PPWS within headquarters of each major PLA unit or organization. (Notes: “National Defense Ministry Spokesman Explains in Detail,” Xinhuanet, January 11, 2016, and Military Political Work Studies Center of AMS, “On Innovation of Ways to Realize the Party’s Absolute Leadership of the Military” [“论创新党对军队绝对领导的实 现方式”], China Military Scienc
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