Classical Circuit Theory
Classical Circuit Theory provides readers with the fundamental, analytic properties of linear circuits that are important to the design of conventional and non-conventional circuits in modern communication systems. These properties include the relations b
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Omar Wing
Classical Circuit Theory
Omar Wing Columbia University New York, NY USA
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008931852 ISBN 978-0-387-09739-8
e-ISBN 978-0-387-09740-4
Printed on acid-free paper. 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
To all my students, worldwide
Preface
Classical circuit theory is a mathematical theory of linear, passive circuits, namely, circuits composed of resistors, capacitors and inductors. Like many a thing classical, it is old and enduring, structured and precise, simple and elegant. It is simple in that everything in it can be deduced from first principles based on a few physical laws. It is enduring in that the things we can say about linear, passive circuits are universally true, unchanging. No matter how complex a circuit may be, as long as it consists of these three kinds of elements, its behavior must be as prescribed by the theory. The theory tells us what circuits can and cannot do. As expected of any good theory, classical circuit theory is also useful. Its ultimate application is circuit design. The theory leads us to a design methodology that is systematic and precise. It is based on just two fundamental theorems: that the impedance function of a linear, passive circuit is a positive real function, and that the transfer function is a bounded real function, of a complex variable. In this book, we begin with basic principles of circuits, derive their analytic properties in both the time and frequency domains, and state and prove the two important theorems. We then develop an algorithmic method to design common and uncommon types of circuits, such as prototype filters, lumped delay lines, constant phase difference circuits, and delay equalizers. Along the way, we learn about the relation between gain and phase, linear and minimum phase functions, group delay, sensitivity functions, scattering matrix, synthesis of transfer functions, approximation of filter functions, a
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