Comparison of inflammatory cytokines levels in the aqueous humor with diabetic retinopathy
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Comparison of inflammatory cytokines levels in the aqueous humor with diabetic retinopathy Haijiang Zhang . Liang Liang
. Rong Huang . Ping Wu . Liye He
Received: 15 March 2020 / Accepted: 2 June 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Purpose Evidence has accumulated suggesting that various inflammatory cytokines are involved in the progress of diabetic retinopathy (DR), but there are few studies concerning the relationship between individual cytokines levels in the aqueous humor (AH) and the severity of DR. This study aimed to explore the differences of interleukin (IL)-23, IL-17, IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-b in AH form patients with different proliferative stages of DR. Methods From June 2016 to June 2019, patients for senile cataract surgery were enrolled with the informed consent. All cases were graded into 4 groups: the control group (patients without diabetes), non-retinopathy (NDR) group (diabetic patients without retinopathy), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) group, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group. The concentrations of IL23, IL-17, IL-10, and TGF-b in AH were measured using ELISA and compared them within four groups by ANOVA. Results In this study, 20 (28.57%), 18 (25.71%), 17 (24.29%), and 15 (21.43%) patients were included in H. Zhang L. Liang (&) R. Huang P. Wu L. He The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443003, China e-mail: [email protected] H. Zhang L. Liang R. Huang P. Wu L. He The Department of Ophthalmology, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang 443003, China
the control, NDR, NPDR, and PDR groups, respectively. There had no significant differences in demographic characteristics (P [ 0.05). Comparison of these cytokines within four groups revealed: the IL23 level was increased in NDR group initially and raised along with the progression of DR (P \ 0.01). The IL-17 level was significantly higher in NPDR and PDR groups compared to NDR and the control groups, and positively correlated with more-severe DR (P \ 0.01). By contrast, The IL-10 level was significantly lower in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic controls, and decreased as the severity of DR increased (P \ 0.05). In addition, TGF-b was also elevated in diabetic patients, but showed no differences based on the presence or severity of DR (P [ 0.05). Conclusions The over-expression of IL-23 and IL-17 in AH might have a synergistic effect on the pathogenesis well before the proliferative stage, and was typical positively correlated with the severity of DR. These results offer a novel early therapeutic target for DR. Keywords Diabetic retinopathy IL-23 IL-17 IL10 TGF-b Aqueous humor
Introduction Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most prevalent microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus,
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which is also the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population worldwide [1, 2]. According to Mingzhi Zhang’s study, t
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