Comparison on corrosion performance of waste-based multi-hybrid structure high carbon steel and high Cr cast steel
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Comparison on corrosion performance of waste‑based multi‑hybrid structure high carbon steel and high Cr cast steel Wilson Handoko1 · Farshid Pahlevani1 · Veena Sahajwalla1 Received: 28 July 2020 / Accepted: 5 October 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Series of protective layer on high C steel have been successfully developed through transforming various wastes. While high Cr cast steel (HCCS) offers excellent properties of toughness, hardness and corrosion resistance. In this research, the focus on characterisation methods of HCCS were conducted by SEM/EDS, TEM, XRD, Tafel and EIS curves. Results have revealed that modified surface high C steel performed higher corrosion resistance than 16.0–16.5%Cr steel. This finding has opened the new context of using wastes as a source for producing protective layer on the surface of high C steel that integrated profitability of steel products, thus, minimising production cost. Keywords High C steel · Waste · Protective layer · High Cr cast steel · Corrosion
1 Introduction In recent years, the demand of high C steel has been substantially increased, due to its superior properties from combination of strength-hardness ratio [1, 2] and lowcost steel that is continuously used in aviation, chemical and mining industries [3, 4]. With its mediocre level of corrosion resistance, it can inevitably lead to the loss of materials or failure on machineries and applications and should be further enhanced. Furthermore, in mining environment, water is very essential at almost every stage of its process and the main assets of the mining sites are located at water-stressed area, which has forced to find an alternative solution to resume the mining operation [5]. The used of sea water is one of the effective solutions, but with chloride content in the water that can increase the propensity towards corrosion attack of high C steel applications. Recently, extensive researches have been devoted on resistance to corrosion by selecting and adding alloying element such as Cr in composition of steel. This method has been proven to be effective in significantly prevent
corrosion degradation. For instance, the high Cr cast steels (HCCS) have been widely covered various sectors and industrial applications, due to its excellent properties of toughness, hardness, wear and corrosion resistance that suit to use in corrosive environment. Their superior properties result mainly from emergence of high-volume fraction hard Cr-rich M7C3 carbides [6, 7]. However, it has a major drawback, due to its high addition of alloying element, Cr (typically exceed 12 wt%) content in steel [8, 9], which is typically expensive, the cost-efficient of this grade of steel is highly unlikely to be achieved. The microstructure contained different constituent phases that have direct influence on its chemical and mechanical properties. Transition metal carbides such as precipitation of M7C3 carbide in high Cr content steel, can dramatically affect its properties [6, 7]. This includes the crystal orientation,
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