Complexity in Landscape Ecology
Interactions matter. To understand the distributions of plants and animals in a landscape you need to understand how they interact with each other, and with their environment. The resulting networks of interactions make ecosystems highly complex. Recent r
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by David G. Green, Nicholas Klomp, Glyn Rimmington and Suzanne Sadedin
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Landscape Series
COMPLEXITY IN LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
Landscape Series VOLUME 4
Series Editors: Henri Décamps, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France Bärbel Tress, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands Gunther Tress, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Aims & Scope: The Landscape Series publishes manuscripts approaching landscape from a broad perspective. Landscapes are home and livelihood for people, house historic artefacts, and comprise systems of physical, chemical and biological processes. Landscapes are shaped and governed by human societies, who base their existence on the use of the natural resources. People enjoy the aesthetic qualities of landscapes and their recreational facilities, and design new landscapes. The Landscape Series aims to add new and innovative insights into landscapes. It encourages contributions on theory development as well as applied studies, which may act as best practice. Problem-solving approaches and contributions to planning and management of landscape are most welcome. The Landscape Series wishes to attract outstanding studies from the natural sciences, social sciences, humanities as well as the arts and does especially provide a forum for publications resulting from interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary acting teams. Ideally, the contributions help the application of findings from landscape research to practice, and to feed back again from practice into research.
COMPLEXITY IN LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
by
David G. Green Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Nicholas Klomp Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW , Australia
Glyn Rimmington Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, U.S.A. and
Suzanne Sadedin Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN-10 ISBN-13 ISBN-10 ISBN-13
1-4020-4285-X (HB) 978-1-4020-4285-0 (HB) 1-4020-4287-6 (e-book) 978-1-4020-4287-4 (e-book)
Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springer.com
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved © 2006 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed in the Netherlands.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter
Title
Page
Foreword
vii
Preface
ix
1
Complexity and ecology
1
2
Seeing the wood for the trees
15
3
Complexity in landscapes
33
4
Oh, what a tangled web
51
5
The imbalance of nature
67
6
Populations in landscapes
85
7
Living with the neighbours
99
8
Genetics and adaptation in landscapes
115
9
Virtual worlds
133
10
Digital ecology
151
11
The global
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