Correlation Between Allergic Rhinitis and Body Mass Index: An Observational Study
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Correlation Between Allergic Rhinitis and Body Mass Index: An Observational Study Anil S. Harugop1 • Akriti Walia1 • Rajesh Radhakrishna Havaldar1 R. S. Mudhol1
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Received: 31 July 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 Ó Association of Otolaryngologists of India 2020
Abstract Allergic rhinitis is one of the most rampant diseases in the world and many studies have been conducted to find its risk factors. Various studies have shown that there is a correlation between allergic rhinitis and increased Body Mass Index (BMI). Obesity has several effects on the immune system that could play a major role in increasing allergic disease. Allergic rhinitis is known to produce mild eosinophilia. The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation between BMI and allergic rhinitis using the Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC). Over a period of 6 months, 55 cases of allergic rhinitis were selected. The patients were investigated by Absolute Eosinophil Count and their Body Mass Index values were calculated based on weight and height measurement. There was a positive correlation between Absolute Eosinophil Count and BMI with a p value of \ 0.0001 which in turn revealed a positive correlation between BMI and allergy. We conclude that patients with high BMI are more prone to allergic rhinitis and have higher Absolute Eosinophil Counts probably due to the immunological effects of adipose tissue on the progress of the allergic disease.
& Rajesh Radhakrishna Havaldar [email protected] Anil S. Harugop [email protected] Akriti Walia [email protected] R. S. Mudhol [email protected] 1
Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, J. N. Medical College, KLE Academy Of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
Keywords Allergic rhinitis Absolute Eosinophil Count Body Mass Index
Introduction Allergic rhinitis is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world. The complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors is what leads to the manifestation of this condition. Many times there are several forms such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema— all due to the same underlying pathophysiology. There is an increasing prevalence of allergic rhinitis observed in India [1]. The association between allergic rhinitis and obesity in terms of increased body mass index (BMI) has been suggested but has not been conclusively proven [2]. Allergic rhinitis causes a considerable level of economic burden to the country. Obesity, a lifestyle disorder caused mainly due to physical inactivity and changing trends in the modern life-style may lead to several ill effects on the immune system. This may in turn lead to an increase in allergic diseases [3]. Numerous studies have formulated the correlation between obesity and asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic sensitization to edible items. However, often the results have been conflicting with no clear conclusive evidence [2]. Eosinophils have been recognized to play a role as proinflammatory granulocytes and are known to have
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