Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Manual Ability Measure-36 (MAM-36) i
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Manual Ability Measure-36 (MAM-36) in people with multiple sclerosis Ozge Ertekin 1 & Turhan Kahraman 2
&
Mona Aras 3 & Cavid Baba 4 & Serkan Ozakbas 5
Received: 14 April 2020 / Accepted: 20 November 2020 # Fondazione Società Italiana di Neurologia 2020
Abstract Objective The Manual Ability Measure-36 (MAM-36) has been used to assess subjective upper limb function in people with several neurological and non-neurological diseases. Besides, the MAM-36 is one of the most commonly used patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). The aim was to translate and conduct cross-cultural adaptation of the MAM-36 into Turkish and investigate its psychometric properties in pwMS. Methods The MAM-36 was translated and culturally adapted into Turkish. Two hundred pwMS were recruited for the psychometric study. Hand skills, handgrip strength, upper limb spasticity, disability level, and quality of life were evaluated by the validated performance-based tests and questionnaires including the Arm Function in Multiple Sclerosis Questionnaire (AMSQ) which is a validated MS-specific PROM to assess upper limb function. Results MAM-36 was significantly correlated with the performance-based tests and questionnaires, EDSS, age, and disease duration (p < 0.05). MAM-36 and AMSQ were strongly correlated (rs = − 0.90, p < 0.01). PwMS with spasticity had significantly lower MAM-36 scores compared to those without spasticity (p < 0.01). Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.97) and testretest reliability (ICC = 0.97) was high. Conclusion The Turkish version of MAM-36 has been found as a valid and reliable method for measuring upper limb function in pwMS. Keywords Multiple sclerosis . MAM-36 . Upper limb function . AMSQ . Turkish
Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease having highly variable and often unpredictable clinical presentations ranging from mild, infrequent relapses causing mild functional
* Ozge Ertekin [email protected] 1
School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
2
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
3
Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
4
Multiple Sclerosis Research Association, Izmir, Turkey
5
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
impairments to rapidly accumulating severe disability, including loss of independent walking or severe cognitive impairment [1]. Walking impairment is one of the most visible and important symptoms among people with MS and may be present even in the early stages of the disease [2]. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is the most widely accepted clinical disability scale used for many years in MS, and it is mainly based on the maximum walking distance and does not assess upper limb function [3, 4]. Due to the i
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