DCT-based color digital image blind watermarking method with variable steps
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DCT-based color digital image blind watermarking method with variable steps Zihan Yuan 1 & Decheng Liu 1 & Xueting Zhang 1 & Huanying Wang 1 & Qingtang Su 1 Received: 23 September 2019 / Revised: 23 June 2020 / Accepted: 29 July 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
In this paper, a blind watermarking method for color digital image based on DCT domain with variable steps is proposed to solve the copyright protection of color digital image. In this method, partial DCT coefficients of the image block transformed by two-dimensional discrete cosine transform (2D-DCT) are selected in the transform domain firstly, then these selected DCT coefficients at different positions are quantized by different quantization steps, and the embedding and blind extraction of digital watermark are completed. This method used color digital image as watermark image instead of gray image or binary image, and the color host image used in this scheme is selected from two public image databases (CVG-UGR and USC-SIPI). The experimental result shows that this scheme embedded color digital image watermark into host image successfully not merely has high invisibility, but also has strong robustness, which is suitable for digital image copyright protection. Keywords Blind watermarking . Color image . Discrete cosine transform . Variable steps
1 Introduction Because of the growing popularity of the Internet, the communication of multimedia information has reached unprecedented depth and breadth, we can publish our works and get the information we need through the Internet [13, 14, 25, 27, 32] easily by using computer or smartphone [10]. At the same time, digital products, especially color digital images, have been widely spread on the Internet. However, a series of serious problems have arisen, such as piracy, infringement, tampering and so on. Therefore, how to make full use of the Internet and protect copyright effectively has been paid more and more attention. As a new subject of information security, information hiding science [40] has generated. The information hiding
* Qingtang Su [email protected]
1
School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
Multimedia Tools and Applications
technology hides secret information in carrier files [22] in order to prevent secret information from being discovered, modified, stolen and damaged by some ulterior persons, so as to achieve the purpose of copyright protection [3, 23, 31] and insure the information transmission security on the Internet. As an important branch of information hiding science, digital watermarking method [2, 6, 35–37] has achieved great development in recent years, and has become an effective digital product copyright protection and data security maintenance technology. The successful embedding and extraction of digital watermark can solve the problem of copyright protection effectively. According to different classification criteria, watermarking schemes are divided into different types. For
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