Dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy: vaccines or autologous transplants?
- PDF / 458,823 Bytes
- 13 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 86 Downloads / 195 Views
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH IMMUNOLOGY 2011
Dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy: vaccines or autologous transplants? Pawel Kalinski • Howard Edington • Herbert J. Zeh • Hideho Okada • Lisa H. Butterfield John M. Kirkwood • David L. Bartlett
Published online: 30 June 2011 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011
•
Pawel Kalinski 1
Abstract Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most powerful immunostimulatory cells specialized in the induction and regulation of immune responses. Their properties and the feasibility of their large-scale ex vivo generation led to the application of ex vivo-educated DCs to bypass the dysfunction of endogenous DCs in cancer patients and to induce therapeutic anti-cancer immunity. While multiple paradigms of therapeutic application of DCs reflect their consideration as cancer ‘‘vaccines’’, numerous features of DC-based vaccination resemble those of autologous transplants, resulting in challenges and opportunities that distinguish them from classical vaccines. In addition to the functional heterogeneity of DC subsets and plasticity of the individual DC types, the unique features of DCs are the kinetic character of their function, limited functional stability, and the possibility to imprint in maturing DCs distinct functions relevant for the induction of effective cancer immunity, such as the induction of different effector functions or different homing properties of tumor-specific T cells (delivery of ‘‘signal 3’’ and ‘‘signal 4’’). These considerations highlight the importance of the application of optimized, potentially patient-specific conditions of ex vivo culture of DCs and their delivery, with the logistic and regulatory implications shared with transplantation and other surgical procedures. Keywords Dendritic cells IL-12 Immunotherapy Cancer Vaccines Cytokines Chemokines Chemokine receptors Th1 CTL NK Treg P. Kalinski H. Edington H. J. Zeh L. H. Butterfield J. M. Kirkwood D. L. Bartlett Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA H. Okada Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA P. Kalinski H. Edington H. J. Zeh H. Okada L. H. Butterfield J. M. Kirkwood D. L. Bartlett Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA P. Kalinski H. Okada L. H. Butterfield J. M. Kirkwood Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA P. Kalinski (&) H. Edington H. J. Zeh H. Okada L. H. Butterfield J. M. Kirkwood D. L. Bartlett University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, UPCI Research Pavilion, Suite 1.46, 5117 Center Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-1863, USA e-mail: [email protected]
DCs and cancer immunotherapy Despite advances in cancer prevention and therapy, resulting in the recent decrease in cancer-related death rates, cancer remains a leading cause of mortality in the developed world [1]. Many groups of cancer patients and especially patients with advanced disease lack not only curative th
Data Loading...
