Development of waterborne polyurethane dispersions (WPUDs) from novel cardanol-based reactive dispersing agent
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Development of waterborne polyurethane dispersions (WPUDs) from novel cardanol‑based reactive dispersing agent Siddhesh U. Mestry1 · Sonam P. Khuntia1 · S. T. Mhaske1 Received: 20 June 2020 / Revised: 27 September 2020 / Accepted: 1 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The objective of the current research work is to prepare a difunctional reactive dispersing agent derived from cardanol which can be used as an alternative for dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) in waterborne polyurethane dispersion synthesis. The novelty of the research lies between the use of bio-based resource and utilizing the sulfonic acid group as an anionic dispersible group. The cardanol was sulfonated using oleum followed by the reaction of the hydroxyl group of phenol with the epichlorohydrin (ECH). The obtained product was then hydrolyzed to generate double functionalities which can be introduced in the PU backbone through a chemical reaction with a diisocyanate. The obtained intermediates and product were characterized using hydroxyl values, epoxy equivalent weights (EEW), CHNS analysis, FTIR and 1H-NMR analysis. The typical acetone process was used for the preparation of WPUDs, and the cured films were further analyzed for the various coating properties in which thermal properties showed significant improvements with the incorporation of HESC to the PU system along with the increased char yield and glass transition temperature (Tg), whereas the mechanical properties did not show any improvements, which could be attributed to the bulky structure of HESC and increased rigidity in the polymeric network. The detailed synthesis, characterizations and obtained results are presented and discussed here.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s0028 9-020-03450-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Sonam P. Khuntia [email protected] Siddhesh U. Mestry [email protected] S. T. Mhaske [email protected] 1
Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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Polymer Bulletin
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Keywords Sulfonation · Cardanol · Bio-based · Dispersion · Polyurethane
Introduction Polyurethanes (PUs) are one of the versatile materials which have the budding potential for their use in different applications like coatings [1], adhesives [2], sealants [3], elastomers, foams [4], etc. PUs offer excellent and versatile mechanical, chemical and physical properties, excellent drying ability and low-temperature flexibility which could be adjusted by adequate use of soft and hard segments. The soft segments are generally produced from polyester or polyether polyols depending upon the end application, while diisocyanates represent hard segments [5, 6]. The diisocyanates and chain extenders are immobile and stiff materials, while, on the other hand, soft segments which are can move freely which often appear in foil form.
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