Devices and Equipment in Interventional Oncology and Their Operation
This chapter focuses on ablation devices, equipment, and their operation. It exhibits less the principles of ablation than it does with the principal features of the technologies that are employed by the physician-user. These features include the device’s
- PDF / 1,273,776 Bytes
- 21 Pages / 504.567 x 720 pts Page_size
- 107 Downloads / 206 Views
11
Paul R. Morrison{
Abstract
This chapter focuses on ablation devices, equipment, and their operation. It exhibits less the principles of ablation than it does with the principal features of the technologies that are employed by the physician-user. These features include the device’s “applicator” (or probe) and the user interface. Applicator is a general term given to that element of the overall system that delivers the therapeutic agent to the tumor. The user interface is that with which the physician interacts to control the system to govern the treatment and to monitor the ablation based on feedback from the display. Ablation can be divided into two main categories: (a) thermal and (b) nonthermal. Thermal ablation is a general term referring to a focal treatment involving an energy exchange with tissue that results in raising or lowering the temperature of the target. Various physical agents can be used as pyrogens and cryogens. Nonthermal ablation involves neither heating nor freezing. Nonthermal approaches include chemical ablation via intratumoral injection, intravenously injected drug-based ablation, and high-voltage electroporation.
Introduction This chapter focuses on ablation devices, equipment, and their operation. It exhibits less the principles of ablation than it does with the principal features of the technologies that are employed by the physician-user. Throughout the chapter, these features include (a) the applicator and (b) the user interface. (a) Here, applicator (also “probe”) is a general term given to that
{
Deceased
element of the overall system that delivers the therapeutic agent to the tumor. Typically, the applicator is a tool manipulated by the physician and thus navigated through tissues by hand – placing the applicator’s active element within the tumor. Of course, tumor identification and instrument navigation are usually performed under some noninvasive imaging modality (US, CT, PET/CT, MRI). (b) The user interface is typically the front panel/display of an electrically powered medical system; overall, the system governs the output of the therapeutic agent to the applicator. The physician interacts with the
D.E. Dupuy et al. (eds.), Image-Guided Cancer Therapy, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0751-6_13, # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
179
180
user interface to control the system further (setting/adjusting parameters or activating treatment) and to monitor the ablation based on feedback from the display. The limited feedback from the user interface is often complemented by intraprocedural radiologic images. Ablation can be divided into two main categories: (a) thermal and (b) nonthermal. (a) Thermal ablation is a general term referring to a focal treatment involving an energy exchange with tissue that results in raising or lowering the temperature of the target. Various physical agents are used as pyrogens for heating tissues; these include electrical current (radiofrequency alternating current (AC)), electromagnetic (EM) radiation (laser light or microwaves), and me
Data Loading...
