Diagnostic Criteria and Prevalence of Sarcopenia in the Elderly
- PDF / 314,055 Bytes
- 6 Pages / 612 x 792 pts (letter) Page_size
- 65 Downloads / 212 Views
nostic Criteria and Prevalence of Sarcopenia in the Elderly J. A. Safonovaa, b, * and G. M. Glazunovaa aMechnikov
Northwest State Medical University, St. Petersburg, 191015 Russia Rheumatic Clinical Hospital No. 25, St. Petersburg, 190068 Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
b
Received December 26, 2018; revised May 29, 2019; accepted June 4, 2019
Abstract—The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in people over 65 years of age and to analyze the instrumental and functional methods of the examination of skeletal muscle in the elderly. We carried out a case-control study of 230 participants aged 65 years and older, with an average age of 74 ± 6.5 years. Patients were divided into three age groups: first, 65–74 years old; second, 75–84 years old; third, 85 years and older. The muscle mass was calculated according to the index of appendicular muscle mass (AMM/m2) adjusted for patient’s height, which was determined via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Muscle strength was measured with a Jamar hand dynamometer, and muscle function was determined with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB tests). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 30% in the presented sample and increased with increasing patient age. There were no significant differences in the incidence of the most common chronic diseases, except for obesity, which was less common in sarcopenic patients than in nonsarcopenic patients (p < 0.0001). The results showed that sarcopenic patients had a lower AMM index (p < 0.001) and muscle strength (p < 0.001) than nonsarcopenic patients. The overall score in SPPB tests was low in both groups; however, it was significantly lower in sarcopenic patients than in nonsarcopenic patients (p = 0.035) due to balance tests. Keywords: sarcopenia, muscle function, advanced age DOI: 10.1134/S2079057020030145
INTRODUCTION The total life expectancy in the human population throughout the world has been rising, not only due to reduced fertility and increased life span but also as a result of improved living conditions and the availability of innovative treatments, especially for infectious and cardiovascular diseases [3, 27]. Aging is associated with the gradual loss of function of tissues and organs. Perhaps there is no other tissue that is lost so rapidly and in such volume with age as muscle. It is believed that the average loss of muscle mass in humans is about 1% per year after 35–40 years, or 3– 8% for every next decade; after 60 years of age, this process is sharply accelerated up to 15% for every 10 years of life and is associated with sarcopenia [29]. The term “sarcopenia” was originally proposed by Professor I. Rosenberg in 1989 to describe the universal loss of muscle mass and strength during aging [25]. Since the contribution of sarcopenia to the deterioration of public health has become more than obvious, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) was created in 2010. It developed a clinical definition and reached consensus in the formation of general diagnosti
Data Loading...
