Distribution analysis of salt affected soils under canal and non-canal command area in a part of Etah district, U. P., u
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183
Photonirvachak
J. Indian Soc. Remote Sens. (June 2008) 36:183-188
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Distribution Analysis of Salt Affected Soils under Canal and Non-canal Command Area in a Part of Etah District, U. P., using Remote Sensing Technique A. K. Singh . P. K. Singh . B. Lal . A. N. Singh . A. Mathur
Received: 13 August 2007 / Accepted: 23 December 2007
Keywords
Salt affected soils . Command area . Remote sensing
Abstract A World Bank-aided project on sodic land reclamation in Uttar Pradesh is being executed by U.P. Bhumi Sudhar Nigam, Lucknow, and Remote Sensing Applications Centre, U.P., Lucknow has the responsibility of sodic land mapping for the execution of land reclamation programme at the cadastral level. Sodic lands are mainly concentrated in the Gangetic alluvial plains but the problem of sodicity is particularly acute in the canal-irrigated areas. A study of the distribution pattern of sodic lands in canal and nonA. K. Singh1 () . P. K. Singh2 . B. Lal2 . A. N. Singh2 . A. Mathur2 1 JNKVV Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Katni - 483 442, India 2 Remote Sensing Applications Centre, Lucknow - 226 021, Uttar Pradesh, India e-mail: [email protected]
canal command areas in a reclamation site (covering 60 villages out of which sodic lands were mapped in 51 villages) of Etah district in Uttar Pradesh, indicates that 18.39 per cent area of the canal command villages was barren sodic which was 13.41 per cent of the total geographical area of the site (15417 ha), however, 11.69 per cent area was recorded to be barren sodic in the non-canal command villages which was only 3.16 per cent of the geographical area of the site. The results of soil chemical analysis indicate that barren sodic lands of canal command area are saline-sodic with higher concentration of soluble salts (pH2 >8.5, EC2 >4 dSm–1), however, those of non-canal command area are sodic (pH2 >8.5, EC2 8.5, EC >4 dSm–1 & ESP >15). In the Indo-Gangetic alluvial plains, most of the salt affected area is under sodic and saline-sodic soils. Saline-sodic soils are not easily reclaimable because of high salt concentration and high ground water level as these soils are mostly concentrated in canal irrigated areas. In Uttar Pradesh, the figure of salt affected soils is 1.28 million hectares which is the largest area found in any single state in India. The introduction of canal irrigation has been the principal cause for extension of salt affected soils in many parts of the state. Indiscriminate use of water and seepage losses from canals has led to the rise in ground water level creating swamps and salt efflorescence. In the vicinity of Lower Ganga Canal in the districts of Etah and Mainpuri, a large area is lying barren which is either affected by salinity/sodicity or waterlogged due to seepage water. In order to utilize these sodic lands for higher productivity, successful reclamation efforts are being made by U. P. Bhumi Sudhar Nigam on a large scale where gypsum is being used as soil amendment. A sodic land reclamation project in the ten districts of Uttar P
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