Diversity of Planktonic Bacteria in Durgun and Taishir Reservoirs (Western Mongolia)
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RIMENTAL ARTICLES
Diversity of Planktonic Bacteria in Durgun and Taishir Reservoirs (Western Mongolia) E. V. Kuznetsovaa, *, D. B. Kosolapova, b, and N. L. Belkovac aPapanin
Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, 152742 Russia bCherepovets State University, Cherepovets, 162600 Russia c Laboratory of Microbiome and Microecology, Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, 664003 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received February 21, 2020; revised April 8, 2020; accepted May 29, 2020
Abstract—This is the first report on the application of high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragments for investigation of bacterioplankton diversity in two largest and relatively young reservoirs of Mongolia—Taishir, formed on the Zavkhan River, and Durgun, formed on the Chono Harayh Channel. A total of 145 phylotypes (with a cluster distance of 0.03) belonging to 18 phyla were identified in the communities. The share of OTUs that were not identified at the phylum level varied in the range of 0.6–3.0%. According to the ACE and CHAO1 diversity indices, bacterioplankton species richness was highest in the hypertrophic section of the Chono Harayh channel below the dam of the Durgun Hydropower Station and lowest in the mesotrophic section of the Zavkhan River above the Taishir Reservoir. According to the Shannon and Simpson indices, the species abundance of different species in the community characterized the mesotrophic and eutrophic pelagic zones of the Taishir and Durgun reservoirs, respectively, as areas with the most equality. The reservoir systems differed significantly in taxonomic diversity, as evidenced by the ratio of common and unique OTUs, but their representation was not uniform along the rivers. Keywords: rivers, reservoirs, bacterioplankton, high-throughput sequencing, taxonomic diversity, species richness, species abundance DOI: 10.1134/S002626172005015X
Bacterioplankton is a ubiquitous, abundant, and diverse component of aquatic ecosystems. Evaluating diversity of bacterial communities is one of priority problems of microbiology and hydrobiology (Azam et al., 1990; Kato, 1996). Bacteria and archaea are classified based on homology of their 16S rRNA gene sequences. Microorganisms are grouped in so-called operational taxonomic units (OTUs), since an adequate definition of microbial species still does not exist (Achtman and Wagner, 2008). Accordingly, alpha diversity of prokaryotes is the richness of their communities, that is, the number of OTUs that can be found in a particular habitat. Another aspect of prokaryotic diversity is beta diversity, i.e., differences in the composition of communities, for instance, among different aquatic ecosystems (Limolino et al., 2006). Bacterial taxa may be differentially represented in aquatic systems: certain phylotypes can be extremely abundant, but at the same time, a considerable share of communities is composed of rare poorly studied phylotypes (Pedrós-Alió, 2012). In freshwater ecosystems, the mos
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