Duplication of superficial femoral artery: imaging findings and literature review
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CASE REPORT
Open Access
Duplication of superficial femoral artery: imaging findings and literature review Sung Hyun Yu1, Jung Han Hwang1* , Jeong Ho Kim1, Suyoung Park1, Ki Hyun Lee1 and Sang Tae Choi2
Abstract Background: Duplication of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) is an extremely rare anatomic variation, with few case studies reported. We report one case of the duplicated SFA, discovered by both ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography angiography (CTA). We also reviewed literatures concerning 6 cases of the duplicated SFA (including our present case), and summarized the clinical and imaging features of the anatomic variation. Case presentation: A 55-year-old woman presented to our hospital with an intermittent cramp in the lateral aspect of the right leg. The patient underwent Doppler US examination on bilateral lower extremity arteries and veins to examine potential vascular abnormality. Incidentally, US discovered the duplicated left SFA and CTA of bilateral lower extremities revealed the anatomic orientation, course, length, diameter and distance of the duplicated left SFA. It was revealed to be divided into two trunks with similar luminal diameter and courses parallel. They reunited at distal thigh level. The findings of US and CTA examination did not correspond with the symptom of the patient, and the patient was discharged. Conclusion: We report a rare case of the duplicated SFA diagnosed with the combinations of US and CTA examination, which served as valuable imaging methods to detect and diagnose the vascular anatomic variation in lower extremities. Keywords: Anatomic variation, Diagnostic imaging, Lower extremity, Case reports
Background The precise knowledge of vascular anatomy and its variations is crucial as the treatment with endovascular techniques has increased. Variations of the femoral artery are rarely reported, especially for the superficial femoral artery (SFA) [1–3]. Few cases of the duplicated SFA have been reported with limited combinations of imaging modalities, such as computed tomography angiography (CTA), conventional angiography, ultrasonography (US), or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) [2, 4–7]. We report a case of the duplicated SFA, which was diagnosed using both CTA and US, with a brief literature review. * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Case presentation A 55-year-old woman presented to our hospital with nonspecific knee pain in the lateral aspect of the right leg. She had no symptoms on the left leg. She had hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, and she was on a treatment for intervertebral disc herniation in another hospital. Her physical examination was nonspecific, and the right and left ankle-brachial pressure index was 1.06 and 0.88, respectively. The patient underwent Doppler US examination on bilateral lowe
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