Eating quickly is associated with a low aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio in middle-aged adul
- PDF / 634,135 Bytes
- 7 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 88 Downloads / 134 Views
RESEARCH
Open Access
Eating quickly is associated with a low aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio in middle-aged adults: a large-scale cross-sectional survey in Japan Eri Ozaki1,2* , Hirotaka Ochiai1, Takako Shirasawa1, Takahiko Yoshimoto1, Satsue Nagahama3, Jun Muramatsu1, Takahiko Chono1, Takayoshi Ito2, Haruhiro Inoue2 and Akatsuki Kokaze1
Abstract Background: An elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and a low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to ALT ratio (AST/ALT ratio) suggest nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, increasing the risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, eating quickly has been found to be associated with outcomes such as obesity. This study sought to investigate the relationship between eating quickly and an elevated ALT or a low AST/ALT ratio in Japanese middle-aged adults. Methods: The present study included 283,073 adults aged 40–64 years who had annual health checkups in Japan from April 2013 to March 2014. The data of serum parameters and lifestyle factors, including eating speed, were analyzed. An elevated ALT was defined as > 40 U/L, and a low AST/ALT ratio was defined as < 1. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio. Results: Significantly increased ORs for an elevated ALT were observed in men (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.41–1.49) and women (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.25–1.43). Moreover, eating quickly significantly increased the ORs for a low AST/ALT ratio in men (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.50–1.56) and women (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.31–1.41). When the analysis was limited to those with ALT ≤40 U/L, eating quickly had significantly increased ORs for a low AST/ ALT ratio, regardless of sex. Conclusions: Eating quickly was significantly associated with an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio. In addition, eating quickly was significantly associated with a low AST/ALT ratio even for those without ALT elevation. This study suggested that modification of eating speed may contribute to reducing the risk for an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio. Keywords: Eating quickly, Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan 2 Digestive Diseases Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, 5-1-38 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The
Data Loading...
