Effect of different concentrations of commercially available mouthwashes on wound healing following periodontal surgery:
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Effect of different concentrations of commercially available mouthwashes on wound healing following periodontal surgery: a randomized controlled clinical trial Theodoros Katsaros 1 & Elizabeth Mayer 2 & Archontia Palaiologou 3 & Miguel Romero-Bustillos 1 & Gerald H. Evans 2 & Thomas E. Lallier 4 & Pooja Maney 2 Received: 16 May 2019 / Accepted: 29 January 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine and essential oils containing mouth rinses on oral wound healing after periodontal flap surgery. Materials and methods Eighty subjects participated in the study and were randomly assigned to use water, 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX), essential oils (EO), 5% CHX, and 10% EO. Subjects were examined at 1, 2, and 3 weeks postoperatively. Plaque index (PI) and the modified gingival index (GI) were recorded, while wound epithelialization was measured to evaluate the healing process. Numerical data were analyzed with parametric test for multiple comparisons (ANOVA) with Bonferroni correction. Categorical data were analyzed using Chi-square test/fisher exact test. Results All groups demonstrated a gradual GI reduction from first to third visit. Patients in the CHX group presented statistically significant lower PI scores than patients in the water group at the all-time points of the study. Wound epithelialization analysis demonstrated that 100% of the sites in the CHX group were healing by secondary intention at visit 1. This finding was statistically significant. Conclusion Full strength concentrations of CHX and EO did not show any detrimental effects on healing after traditional periodontal surgery at the end of the observation period. Clinical relevance The use of chlorhexidine and EO containing mouthwashes does not appear to delay wound healing. Diluting these commercial mouthwashes may present an approach that could possibly reduce the adverse effects (such as tooth staining) associated with their use, while maintaining their antibacterial properties. Keywords Chlorhexidine . Essential oils . Mouth rinses . Periodontal surgery . Oral wound healing
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Peridex® 3 M® ESPE® Listerine® Gold, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. GLIDE
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* Theodoros Katsaros [email protected] 1
Department of Periodontics, University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, 801 Newton Rd., S447, Iowa City, IA 52241, USA
2
Department of Periodontics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry, New Orleans, LA, USA
3
Department of Periodontics, UT Health San Antonio School of Dentistry, San Antonio, TX, USA
4
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
Abbreviations (CHX) Commercially available mouthwash containing 0.12% chlorhexidine (Peridex) (EO) Commercially available mouthwash containing essential oils (Listerine) (MW) mouthwash (PI) Plaque index (GI) Modified gingival index (GTR) Guided tissue re
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