Effect of nutrition education on iodine deficiency disorders and iodized salt intake in south west Ethiopian women: a cl
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Effect of nutrition education on iodine deficiency disorders and iodized salt intake in south west Ethiopian women: a cluster randomized controlled trial Agize Asfaw1* , Tefera Belachew2 and Taye Gari3
Abstract Background: Although iodine nutrition status is improving globally, the progress is not uniform throughout the world due to several factors. Among these, poor knowledge, negative attitude and improper practice of iodized salt are the main risk factors for poor iodine nutrition in Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess the effect of nutrition education intervention on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of iodine deficiency and iodized salt utilization. Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial was carried out among 652 women of reproductive age group in southwest Ethiopia. A total of 24 clusters were selected and randomized in to an intervention and control villages. Women in the intervention village received iodine nutrition related education for 6 months; while those in the control village did not receive any education. Baseline and endline data were collected from both groups. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) was used to determine the effect of intervention. Results: A total of 647 (99.2%) participants were successfully involved in the study. In the intervention group the median attendance was 10 out of 12 sessions. Women in the intervention group had shown statistically significant change in knowledge, attitude and practice scores as compared to control one. In multivariable GEE linear model, after adjusting for other background characteristics, the mean difference (95% CI) scores were 8.81 (8.46, 9.16) for knowledge, 3.35 (3.17, 3.54) for attitude and 2.90 (2.74, 3.05) for practice in the intervention arm. Conclusions: Well designed and community-based iodine nutrition education is an effective strategy to improve the KAP of iodine deficiency disorders and iodized salt utilization. Trial registration PACTR201809544276357 (Retrospectively registered on 14, Sept. 2018). https://www.pactr.org. Keywords: Ethiopia, Iodine nutrition, Peer-guided, Iodized salt
*Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, P.O. Box 07, Gubre, Ethiopia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Background Iodine is an essential micronutrient that supports different physiological functions in the body. Naturally, our body does not make it, so we need small quantity regularly from outside sources. Running low in iodine intake for long period of time will lead to its deficiency collectively called iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) [1, 2].
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