Effect of Sawdust and Foil Mulches on Soil Properties, Growth and Yield of Black Currant
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE / ORIGINALBEITRAG
Effect of Sawdust and Foil Mulches on Soil Properties, Growth and Yield of Black Currant Svetlana M. Paunović1 · Mira Milinković1 · Marijana Pešaković1 Received: 5 November 2018 / Accepted: 7 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of sawdust and black foil mulches on soil properties, growth and yield of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.). A control (bare soil) was also included in the experiment. During three-year research, in all cultivation systems, there were changes in soil physical and chemical characteristics, including soil pH reduction, a decrease in coarse sand, silt and clay fractions, and an increase in fine sand fractions. The soil covered with sawdust had a stimulating effect on nutrient content (humus, N, P and K) and microbial count in the soil. Sawdust mulch favoured the modification of soil microclimate through temperature reduction and maintenance of moderate soil moisture throughout the growing season. The relationship of physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil in black currants under sawdust mulch contributed to an increase in fruit yield and bush growth compared to bare soil and foil mulch. On the other hand, black foil mulch allowed early soil warming and caused an increase in soil temperature and moisture during the growing season, which had not a positive effect on the tested parameters. The results indicated that mulching with sawdust is an effective method for growth and yield improvement in black currants.
Keywords Black currant · Sawdust mulch · Foil mulch · Soil properties · Growth · Yield
Einfluss der Mulchmaterialien Sägemehl und Folie auf Bodeneigenschaften, Wachstum und Ertrag der Schwarzen Johannisbeere Schlüsselwörter Schwarze Johannisbeere · Sägemehl-Mulch · Folienmulch · Bodeneigenschaften · Wachstum · Ertrag
Introduction In Serbia, the most common soil management system used in black currant plantings is continuous tillage. In the last several years, there has been a tendency to intensify currant production by establishing new orchards using modern growing technology incorporating covering the soil with different types of mulches. Mulching is an agricultural horticultural technique that uses organic material (sawdust, straw, leaves, compost, peat etc.) and synthetic material (paper, polyethylene film, foil etc.) to improve soil productivity. Mulching is used to retain moisture in the soil, modify Svetlana M. Paunovi´c
[email protected] 1
ˇ cak, Department of Fruit Growing Fruit Research Institute Caˇ ˇ cak, Serbia Technology, Kralja Petra I 9, 32 000 Caˇ
soil temperature, supply nutrients, improve soil structure and control weeds. Organic mulches (Younis et al. 2012; Mupangwa et al. 2013) increase soil organic matter content, improve soil characteristics and maintain the water holding capacity and nutrients in the soil, whereas inorganic mulches (Kumar and Dey 2011; Liu et al. 2014) increase soil temperature,
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