Effects of growth hormone on cognitive, motor, and behavioral development in Prader-Willi syndrome children: a meta-anal
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META- ANALYSIS
Effects of growth hormone on cognitive, motor, and behavioral development in Prader-Willi syndrome children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Yunyun Luo
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Zhoude Zheng2 Yingying Yang1 Xi Bai1 Hongbo Yang1 Huijuan Zhu1 Hui Pan1 Shi Chen1 ●
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Received: 11 July 2020 / Accepted: 3 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose The benefits of growth hormone (GH) therapy in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children are well established, but there is still considerable controversy regarding whether GH treatment can improve cognitive, motor, and behavioral development in PWS children. The objectives of this meta-analysis were to quantitatively evaluate the effects of GH on cognitive, motor function, and behavioral development in PWS children. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of GH on cognitive, motor, and behavioral development in PWS children were identified by searching the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. Intervention effects were represented by Hedges’g and pooled to calculate effect sizes using a random-effects model. Results Ten relevant studies comprising data from 302 participants were finally included. We observed no significant difference in cognitive performance between the GH treatment group and the control group (p = 0.197). GH treatment was shown to remarkably improve motor development in PWS children compared with the control treatment (p < 0.001), with moderate positive treatment effects (Hedges’g [95% CI] = 0.71 [0.38, 1.03]). There were no significant differences between the GH group and the control group based on objective assessments of behavioral development (p = 0.53). Conclusions The meta-analysis suggested that GH treatment had a significantly positive effect on motor development, with moderate treatment effects in PWS children; however, there was no evidence of effects on cognitive or behavioral development. Keywords Growth hormone (GH) Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) cognition motor behavior ●
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Introduction These authors contributed equally: Yunyun Luo, Zhoude Zheng Supplementary information The online version of this article (https:// doi.org/10.1007/s12020-020-02547-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hui Pan [email protected] * Shi Chen [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Research Center for Behavior Medicine in Growth and Development, Beijing, China
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Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder and the prevalence has been reported between 1 in 10,000–30,000 live births [1, 2]. Currently, there are ~350,000–400,000 PWS patients worldwide. This syndrome res
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