Effects of size and shape on the crushing strength of coral sand particles under diametral compression test
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effects of size and shape on the crushing strength of coral sand particles under diametral compression test Wu Xuehui 1 & Cai Yuanqiang 1 & Xu Sifa 1 & Zhuang Yingchun 2 & Wang Qixiang 1 & Wang Zhe 1 Received: 10 September 2019 / Accepted: 12 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract As a brittle material, coral sand particles are characterized by their irregular shape, complex internal structure, and high strength variability. This study used the Weibull statistical method to analyze the crushing strength of single coral sand particle. In this study, the diametral compression test was conducted on 200 coral sand particles that were divided into two groups according to their equancy (E = I/L*S/I, where L, I, and S represent particles’ long axis, intermediate axis, and short axis, respectively.) Based on the resulting force-displacement curves, four types of particle breakage are summarized. Based on the resulting survival probability curves, an inverse correlation between size and strength of coral sand particles is pointed out. Moreover, those particles’ circularity values (C, a parameter to describe the form and roughness of the particle) were obtained through image processing and analysis. Based on the analysis of the circularity-strength relationship of those particles, with the help of the Weibull statistical method, a positive correlation between circularity and strength of coral sand particles is found. Finally, this paper introduces parameter equancy to analyze the relationship between equancy and strength of the concerned particles, and by applying the Weibull statistical method, a positive correlation between equancy and strength of those particles is found. Keywords Coral sand . Diametral compression test . Crushing strength . Circularity . Equancy
Introduction As a special geomaterial, coral sand is increasingly used in the construction of infrastructures such as ports and airports in countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Coral sand is defined by its marine biogenic origin and characterized by its high calcium carbonate content, irregular shape with angular edges, and high porosity. As a result, it is far more fragile than sand that originated from land (Golightly 1989; Jian et al. 1991; Zhang 2004; Wang et al. 2011; Ma et al. 2019). Sun (2000) found that for coral sand, any confining pressure (σc) greater than 100 kPa can lead to measurable particle crushing, while for quartz sand, any confining pressure (σc) less than 1600 kPa can rarely cause any particle breakage. Coop (1990) argues
* Wang Zhe [email protected] 1
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310024, China
2
PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation, Hangzhou 311122, China
that the compressibility of coral sand is similar to that of clay and conforms to the basic rules of earth mechanics under critical state. The compressibility of coral sand is higher than that of quartz sand (Nauroy an
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