Energy Systems in the Era of Energy Vectors A Key to Define, Analyze
What lies beyond the era of fossil fuels? While most answers focus on different primary energy resources, Energy Systems in the Era of Energy Vectors provides a completely new approach.Instead of providing a traditional consumption analysis of classical p
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For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/8059
Fabio Orecchini Vincenzo Naso •
Energy Systems in the Era of Energy Vectors A Key to Define, Analyze and Design Energy Systems Beyond Fossil Fuels
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Prof. Fabio Orecchini Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca Per Sviluppo Sostenibile (CIRPS) Sapienza Università di Roma Piazza San Pietro in Vincoli 10 00184 Rome Italy e-mail: [email protected]
ISSN 1865-3529 ISBN 978-0-85729-243-8 DOI 10.1007/978-0-85729-244-5
Prof. Vincenzo Naso Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca Per Sviluppo Sostenibile (CIRPS) Sapienza Università di Roma Piazza San Pietro in Vincoli 10 00184 Rome Italy e-mail: [email protected]
e-ISSN 1865-3537 e-ISBN 978-0-85729-244-5
Springer London Dordrecht Heidelberg New York British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Ó Springer-Verlag London Limited 2012 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licenses issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc., in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. Cover design: eStudio Calamar, Berlin/Figueres Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Contents
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Energy Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 The Energy Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.2 Energy and Power: Natural Forms of Energy . . . . 1.1.3 Units of Measurement in Energy Systems . . . . . . 1.1.4 Energy Availability in Nature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.5 Classification of Energy Sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Closed Cycles of Energy Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.1 The ‘‘Measurable’’ Definition of Sustainability . . . 1.2.2 The Earth, as an ‘‘Open’’ Energy System, Allows the Realisation of Closed Cycles. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Energy Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Energy Resources . . . . . . . .
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