Enhanced Water Management for Muang Fai Irrigation Systems through Remote Sensing and SWOT Analysis
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Enhanced Water Management for Muang Fai Irrigation Systems through Remote Sensing and SWOT Analysis Thanaporn Supriyasilp 1 & Kobkiat Pongput 2 & Suree Boonyanupong 3 & Teerawat Suwanlertcharoen 2 Received: 7 May 2020 / Accepted: 16 November 2020/ # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract
The areas of northern Thailand rely heavily on water management by Muang Fai irrigation systems. Outstanding features of these typical systems include public participation and acceptance of regulations established by Muang Fai irrigation management; however, the knowledge and application of modern technologies should be promoted in these systems in collaboration with traditional water management. In this study, remote sensing was applied to analyse plant phenology to estimate the planting dates and farming sizes through Sentinel-2 imagery. CROPWAT 8.0 was also used to analyse the crop water requirements in different periods to enable the water management committee to determine the water quantity needed in each period throughout the area. The greatest water amounts were needed by plants during the dry season in March and April each year. In addition, the researcher team adopted strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis to establish guidelines for the potential enhancement of Muang Fai irrigation systems suited to the current social contexts and environment. Keywords Irrigation systems . SWOT analysis . Rice area . Sentinel-2 . NDVI . Water management
1 Introduction “Muang Fai” is a form of participatory irrigation management that is widely accepted and long practised in the northern part of Thailand, particularly in the watershed areas of Chiang Mai * Thanaporn Supriyasilp [email protected]
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
2
Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkhen Campus, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
3
Social Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Supriyasilp T. et al.
and Lamphun. According to Surarerks (1986, 2006), who conducted a detailed study of this typical management style, Muang Fai irrigation systems are supported by the voluntary supply of labour by water users to build weirs, dig irrigation canals, and repair defects, whereas weir or ditch chiefs are elected by all water users. These chiefs usually hold responsibilities that are similar to those of other selected Muang Fai committees. In addition, water management under this system requires collaborative regulations among water users and elected chiefs for their irrigation systems, which are called the “Muang Fai Agreement”. This agreement describes the rules and regulations of water management. Although this agreement is not legally valid, it is practically enforceable because all relevant parties accept and agree to strictly follow the joint agreement. The irrigation areas or responsible areas that rely on Muang Fai irrigation systems are usually small and do not exceed 16 km
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