Epidemiology of Injuries in Women Playing Competitive Team Bat-or-Stick Sports: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis
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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Epidemiology of Injuries in Women Playing Competitive Team Bat-or-Stick Sports: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis Nirmala Kanthi Panagodage Perera1 Caroline Frances Finch1
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Corey Joseph1,2 • Joanne Lyn Kemp1,3
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Ó Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2017
Abstract Background Team bat-or-stick sports, including cricket, softball and hockey, are popular among women. However, little is known about the injury profile in this population. Objective The aim was to describe the incidence, nature and anatomical location of injuries in bat-or-stick sports played by women in a competitive league. Methods This review was prospectively registered (PROSPERO CRD42015026715). CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, SPORTDiscus were systematically searched from January 2000 to September 2016, inclusive. Peer-reviewed original research articles reporting the incidence, nature and anatomical location of injuries sustained by women aged 18 ? years in competitive bat-orstick sports were included. Two meta-analyses based on injury incidence proportions (injury IP) and injury rates per 1000 person-days of athletic exposure (AE) were performed.
Results A total of 37 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria, and five had low risk of bias. The weighted injury IP was 0.42 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39–0.45]. The weighted injury rate was 6.12 (95% CI 6.05–6.18) overall, and greater in games [15.79 (95% CI 15.65–15.93)] than in practice [3.07 (95% CI 2.99–3.15)]. The ankle was the most commonly injured anatomical location, followed by the hand (including wrist and fingers), knee and head. Soft tissue and ligament injuries were most common types of injuries. Conclusion Injury prevention in women’s sports is a novel and emerging field of research interest. This review highlights that injury incidence is high among female bat-orstick players, but little information is known about direct causal mechanisms. This review clearly establishes the need for enhancements to injury data collection. Without this information, it will not be possible to develop evidence-based injury prevention interventions.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0815-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Nirmala Kanthi Panagodage Perera [email protected] 1
Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), SMB Campus, Federation University Australia, Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
2
Monash Health, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Latrobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, College of Science, Health and Engineering, Latrobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
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Key Points Injuries to the ankle, hand (including wrist and fingers), knee and the head are common in female bat-or-stick sports, and the majority of all injuries are to the muscles and ligaments, regardless of sport or setting. The
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